现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter6.doc

《现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter6.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。

1、Chapter6PolysemyandHomonymyn6.1Polysemy一词多义n6.2Homonymy同音同形异义n6.3TheStylisticValueofPolysemyandHomonymy一词多义与同音异义的文体价值6.1Polysemy一词多义Polysemy:Atermusedinsemanticanalysistorefertoalexicalitemwhichhasarangeofdifferentmeanings.*meansthatonesinglewordhastwoormoresen

2、sesatthesametime.lTwoapproachestopolysemy:diachronic历时的andsynchronic一时的，同步的lTwoprocessesleadingtopolysemy1)Radiation辐射型：Itistheprocessinwhichtheprimaryorcentralmeaningstandsatthecenterwhilesecondarymeaningradiatesfromitineverydirectionlikeray.*Thoughallthesecon

3、darymeaningsareindependentofoneanother,theycanallbetracedbacktotheprimarymeaning.2)Concatenation连锁型:Itisasemanticprocessinwhichthemeaningofawordmovesgraduallyawayfromitsfirstsensebysuccessiveshifts,likethelinksofachain,untilthereisnoconnectionbetweenthesensetha

4、tisfinallydevelopedandtheprimarymeaning.*userelationsbetweensensestomasterthedifferentmeaningsofapolysemicwordlSenserelationsofpolysemy1)originalmeaningvs.extendedmeaning原始意义vs.引申意义2)universalmeaningvs.particularmeaning普遍意义vs.特殊意义3)abstractmeaningvs.concretemea

5、ning抽象意vs.特殊意义4)literalmeaningvs.figurativemeaning字面意义vs.比喻意义6.2Homonymy同音同形异义Homonymy:wordswhichthoughdifferentinmeaning,arepronouncedalike,orspelledalike,orboth.Eg.light（光）light（轻的）；bark（吠）bark（树皮）；flower（花）flour（面粉）lThreetypesofhomonyms:1)Perfecthomonyms完全同形

6、同音异义词:Wordsidenticalinspellingbutdifferentinmeaning.E.g.1)．poppop／pp/n．流行歌曲pop／pp／n．爸爸pop／pp／n．砰的一声2)．lastlast／la:st／a．最后的last／la:st／v．持续last／la:st／n．鞋楦头现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter62)Homophones同音异义词:Wordsidenticalinsoundbutdifferentinspellingandmeaning.Eg.air空气–hei

7、r继承人，后嗣bear忍受，熊–bare空的，赤裸的dear亲爱的–deer鹿3)Homograph同形异音异义词:Wordsidenticalinspellingbutdifferentinsoundandmeaning.Eg.leadsowtearprayerlSourcesofhomonyms1.PhoneticconvergenceUndertheinfluenceofphoneticconvergence,twoormorewordswhichonceweredifferentinsoundformstak

8、eonthesamepronunciationthespokenlanguage.E.g.melo–mealbean–beenbeat–beetflea–fleeheal–heel2.SemanticdivergenceWhentwoormoremeaningsofthesameworddriftaparttosuchanextentthatt