现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料chapter1

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1、现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料Chapter1AGeneralSurveyOfEnglishVocabularyn1.0TheDefinitionoftheterm“word”词的定义n1.1TheDevelopmentofEnglishVocabulary英语词汇的发展史n1.2ClassificationofEnglishWords词的分类1.0TheDefinitionoftheterm“word”Word:afundamentalunitofspeechandaminimumfreeform;withaunityo

2、fsoundandmeaning(bothlexicalandgrammaticalmeaning),capableofperformingagivensyntacticfunction.ØaminimumfreeformØsoundØlexicalandgrammaticalmeaningØsyntacticfunctionBoundform粘着形式：Neverusedassentences.Freeform自由形式：Consistsentirelyoftwoormorelesserfreeforms.It’snotaphrase，isaword.1.1

3、TheDevelopmentofEnglishVocabularyØNative:CelticØ1stperiod(449-1100):OldEnglishorAnglo-SaxonPeriod(OEorAS)Celtic→Anglo-Saxon(thesettlementfrom450AD.)/OldNorse/LatinØ2ndperiod(1100-1500):MiddleEnglishPeriod(ME)French(theNormanConquestin1066)LatinØ3rdperiod(1500-present):ModernEnglis

4、hPeriodEarlystagesofModernEnglish(1500-1700)Latin(Renaissance)Greek(Renaissance)ContemporaryEnglish(1700-present):ThreeRomanceLanguages:French,Spanish,ItalianOtherEuropeanlanguages:Portuguese,German,Dutch…Non-Europeanlanguages(exploration,colonization,trade)nTherapidgrowthofpresen

5、t-dayEnglishvocabularyanditscauses.ØMarkedprogressofscienceandtechnology.ØSocio-economic，politicalandculturalchanges.ØTheinfluenceofotherculturesandlanguages.1.2ClassificationofEnglishWordsnThreemaincriteria:lByorigin:1.nativewords本族词2.loanwords外来词3现代英语词汇学概论最强版复习资料lBylevelofusage:

6、1.commonwords普通词2.literarywords书面词3.colloquialwords口头词4.slangwords俚语5.technicalwords术语lBynotion:1.functionwords功能词2.contentwords实义词nByorigin:1.nativewords本族词2.loanwords外来词Nativewords:wordsofAnglo-SaxonoriginorofoldEnglishFeaturesofnativewords:ØMostaremonosyllabicØformingthegreatma

7、jorityofthebasicwordstockLoan/borrowedwords:thoseborrowedfromotherlanguagesBasicwordstock:Øauxiliary,modalverbs,numerals,pronouns,prepositions,conjunctions,themostfrequentlyusedwords(essentialtolife)ØNationalcharacterØStabilityØWord-formingabilityØAbilitytoformcollocationsnBylevel

8、ofusage:1.Commonwords普通词2.Literar