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1、CanadaThenameCanadacomesfromaSt.LawrenceIroquoianword,kanata,meaning"village"or"settlement".In1535,indigenousinhabitantsofthepresent-dayQuebecCityregionusedthewordtodirectFrenchexplorerJacquesCartiertowardsthevillageofStadacona.CartierlaterusedthewordCanadatorefernotonlytothatparticu
2、larvillage,butalsotheentireareasubjecttoDonnacona(thechiefatStadacona);by1545,EuropeanbooksandmapshadbegunreferringtothisregionasCanada.CanadaisacountryoccupyingmostofnorthernNorthAmerica,extendingfromtheAtlanticOceanintheeasttothePacificOceaninthewestandnorthwardintotheArcticOcean.I
3、tistheworld'ssecondlargestcountrybytotalareaandshareslandborderswiththeUnitedStatestothesouthandnorthwest.ThelandoccupiedbyCanadawasinhabitedformillenniabyvariousgroupsofaboriginalpeople.Beginninginthelate15thcentury,BritishandFrenchexpeditionsexplored,andlatersettledalong,theAtlanti
4、ccoast.FrancecedednearlyallofitscoloniesinNorthAmericain1763aftertheSevenYears'War.In1867,withtheunionofthreeBritishNorthAmericancoloniesthroughConfederation,Canadawasformedasafederaldominionoffourprovinces.Thisbegananaccretionofadditionalprovincesandterritoriesandaprocessofincreasin
5、gautonomyfromtheUnitedKingdom,highlightedbytheStatuteofWestminsterin1931andculminatingintheCanadaActin1982,whichseveredthevestigesoflegaldependenceontheBritishparliament.Afederationcomprisingtenprovincesandthreeterritories,Canadaisaparliamentarydemocracyandaconstitutionalmonarchy,wit
6、hQueenElizabethIIasitsheadofstate.Itisabilingualandmulticulturalcountry,withbothEnglishandFrenchasofficiallanguagesbothatthefederallevelandintheprovinceofNewBrunswick.Technologicallyadvancedandindustrialized,Canadamaintainsadiversifiedeconomythatisheavilyreliantuponitsabundantnatural
7、resourcesandupontrade—particularlywiththeUnitedStates,withwhichCanadahashadalongandcomplexrelationship.ItisamemberoftheG8,NATO,OECD,WTO,theCommonwealthofNations,theFrancophonie,andtheUnitedNations.
