1、形容词和副词比较级的用法 1. 形容词是用来描写或修饰名词或代词的一类词。 在句中主要做定语和表语等成分。做定语时修饰名词或代词(一般为不定代词),修饰名词时常放于名词前,修饰不定代词时常放于不定代词后,做表语时和系动词(简称系词)连用,构成一个系表结构。例如: Can you hear the loud noise? (定语) The noise is very loud . (表语)The quiet girl is my sister. (定语) My sister looks very quie
2、t . (表语) 2. 常和形容词连用构成系表结构的连系动词有: look (看起来,看上去), feel (感觉), taste (尝起来), smell (闻起来),get (变得),turn(变),become(成为,变得),sound (听起来)等。 例如:The flowers smell sweet. 这些花闻起来很香。 The soup taste nice. 3. 副词是用以修饰动词,形容词,其他副词以及全句的词 例如: The men and the women walk
3、quickly. 这些男女走得很快。 The children walk slowly. 孩子们走得很慢。 1.原级的构成和用法 l)构成:形容词,副词的原级形式是形容词,副词的原形. 2)用法:表示双方在程度,性质,特征等某方面相等时,用“ as 十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构;表示双方不相等时,用“ not so (as)十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构;表示一方是另一方的若干倍时,用“倍数十 as十原级形容词或副词十 as”的结构. 例如:This building looks
4、 not so (as) high as that one. Ms.Sun speaks English as well as you. This room is three times as large as that one. 2.比较级的构成和用法 1)比较级和最高级的构成: ①单音节形容词以及少数以- er,- ow结尾的形容词和副词加“ er”/“est” great greater narrow narrower fast fas
5、ter clever cleverer ②以 e结尾的单音节形容词和副词后以及少数以- ble,- ple结尾的双音节形容词和副词后,加“ r”,. large larger able abler simple simpler ③以一个辅音结尾的单音节形容词,其前的元音字母发短元音时,该辅音字母要双写,然后加“ er”,“ . hot hotter ④以辅音加 y结尾的形容词和少数不是形容
6、词加 ly构成的副词要将 y改为 i,再加“ er”, easy easier early earlier happy happier ⑤一般双音节词、多音节形容词和副词在原级前 beautiful more beautiful carefully more carefully ⑥少数单音节形容词也加 more和 most构成比较级。 tired more tired pleased m
7、ore pleased ⑦下列形容词、副词的比较级可有两种构成方法. cruel crueler more cruel often oftener more often strict stricter more strict friendly friendlier more friendly ⑧下列形容词,副词的比较级的构成不规则. good,well bett
8、er bad, ill worse many,much more little less far farther further old elder/older 2)比较级的用法 ①双方比较,表示一方超过另一方时,用“比较级十 than”的结构表示.例如: