英美文学期末复习.doc

《英美文学期末复习.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在应用文档-天天文库。

1、第一课1.这段时间的历史背景：（1）TheearlyinhabitantsontheislandwenowcalledEnglandwereBritons(atribeofCelts).（2）三次主要的侵略：a.TheRomanConquest.(In55B.C.,BritainwasinvadedbytheRomangeneralJuliusCaesar.In410,theRomansabandonedtheisland,whichmarkstheendof“RomanConquest”(55B.C.—

2、410A.D.)b.theEnglish(Anglo-Saxons)Conquestaround449.(EnglandwasinvadedbythreeGermanic(Teutonic)tribes:theAngles,theSaxonsandtheJutes,whocamefromtheNortheastofEurope.TheAnglo-SaxoninvadersestablishedsomesmallkingdomsinBritainwhichbythe7thcenturywerecombine

3、dintoaUnitedKingdomcalledEngland(thelandofAngles).ItspeoplewerecalledtheEnglish.ThethreedialectsspokenbythemnaturallygrewintoasinglelanguagecalledAnglo-Saxon,orOldEnglish.古英语到NormanConquest结束，itistheancestoroftheModernEnglish)c.theNormanConquestin1066(3)T

4、heAnglo-Saxonperiodwitnessedatransitionfromatribalsocietytofeudalism.2.术语：（1）epic：It’salongnarrativepoemcelebratingthegreatdeedsofoneormorelegendaryheroes,majesticinthemeandstyle.（史诗的例子：Homer’sEpics:IliadandOdyssey）（2）Alliteration(头韵)Therepetitionofsimila

5、rsounds,usuallyconsonantorconsonantclusters,inagroupofwords.Sometimesthetermislimitedtotherepetitionofinitialconsonantsounds.(Whenalliterationoccursatthebeginningofwords,itiscalledinitialalliteration;whenitoccurswithinwords,itiscalledinternalorhiddenallit

6、eration.Itusuallyoccursonstressedsyllables.)3.这一时期的文学：（1）Theliteratureofthisperiodfallsnaturallyintotwodivisions---paganandChristian.Twomajorgenres:poetryandprose（2）thepaganrepresentedbyBeowulfandtheChristianpoetryrepresentedbytheworksofCaedmonandCynewulf

7、（CaedmonisthefirstknownreligiouspoetofEngland.HeisknownasthefatherofEnglishsong.HewroteapoeticParaphraseoftheBible）（3）Anglo-Saxonliterature,ortheOldEnglishliteratureisalmostexclusivelyaverseliteratureinoralform.Itcouldbepasseddownbywordofmouthfromgenerati

8、ontogeneration.4.关于Beowulf的一些信息：（1）TheSongofBeowulfistheoldestpoemintheEnglishlanguage,andalsotheoldestsurvivingepicintheEnglishlanguage.Thepoemconsistsof3182lines.ItisconsideredasthehighestachievementofOldEnglishli