定语从句用法归纳.doc

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1、定语从句用法归纳定语从句由关系代词who、whom、whose、which、what、as和关系副词where、when、why等引导，但须记住：    1.what不能引导定语从句.    2.关系词的分析须考虑它在定语从句中的成分。    一.指人的关系代词有who、whose、whom、that.试分析：    Theoldmanwho/whom/thatwevisitedyesterdayisafamousartist.    MissWangistakingcareofthechildwhoseparentshavegonetoBeijing.    Themanwithw

2、hommyfathershookhandsjustnowisourheadmaster.（=Themanwho/whomthatmyfathershookhandswithjustnowisourheadmaster.）注：    A．指人时有时只用who不宜用that。    1．先行词为one、ones或anyone    （1）ThecomradeIwanttolearnfromistheonewhostudieshardandworkshard.    （2）Anyonewhobreaksthelawshouldbepunished.    2．先行词为these时    T

3、hesewhoaregoingtoBeijingarethebeststudentsofourschool.    3．在therebe开头的句子中    Thereisastudentwhowantstoseeyou.    4．一个句子中带有两个定语从句，其中一个定语从句的关系代词是that，另一个宜用who，以免重复。    Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshards.    5．在非限制性定语从句中    A。Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromJap

4、an.    B．主句以who开头的句子中,只用that,不用who。    二．指物的关系代词有which、whose(=ofwhich)、that.试分析：    1.Ilikethebookswhich/thatwerewrittenbyLuXun.    2.Thedesks(which/that)wemadelastyearwereverygood.    3.Thisisthehouseinwhichwelivedlastyear.(=Thisisthehousewhich/thatwelivedinlastyear.)    4.Iliveintheroomwhosew

5、indowsfacesouth.(=Iliveintheroom,thewindowsofwhichfacesouth.)    注：    A.介词如果位于作为其宾语的关系代词之前时，只能用whom、which不能用who或that.    (1).Thegirlaboutwhomtheyweretalkingisourmonitor.    (2).ThebookinwhichtherearemanyinterestingthingswaswrittenbyLiMing.    B.部分短语动词中的介词不可与动词拆开，在定语从句中其介词不可前置，只能放在其动词之后。    Ist

6、histhebookwhichsheislookingfor?    Theoldmanwho/whomtheyarewaitingforisProfessorLi.    Thechildwho/whomsheislookingafterisWangPing’sson.    C．指物时，下列情况下只能用that，不宜用which。    （1）先行词为不定代词，如All、much、anything、everything、nothing、something、none、theone等。    Wearewillingtodoanythingthatisgoodtothepeople.

7、    Ihavetoldthemall(that)Iknow.    Allthatcanbedonehasbeendone.    （2）先行词是序数词或被序数词、修饰时。    ThefirstbookthatIreadlastnightwasanEnglishnovel.    （3）先行词是形容词最高级或被最高级修饰时。    ThisisoneofthemostinterestingfilmsthatIhaveeverseen.    This