资源描述:
《动词过去分词的构成.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在教育资源-天天文库。
1、动词过去分词的构成(1)动词过去分词的构成分为规则变化和不规则变化,规则变化的动词的过去分词和过去时构成是一样的,不规则的动词特殊记忆。(2)规则动词的变化,绝大多数动词是规则动词,即在词尾加-ed.(3)构成方法(1)动词原形后直接加-ed如;clean-cleaned-cleaned(2)以不发音的字母e结尾的动词,直接加-d.如;live-lived-lived(3)以“辅音字母+y”结尾的动词。先把y变为i.再加上_ed,如:study-studied–Studied(4)以重读闭音节结尾的
2、动词,若动词末尾只有一个辅音字母,先双写这个辅音字母。再加-ed,如stop-stopped-stopped不规则的动词须特殊记忆一、原形、过去式和过去分词的词形和读音都相同的单词,结尾字母一般是t或d。如: cut-cut-cut,hit-hit-hit,put-put-put,cost-cost-cost,let-let-let,shut-shut-shut,set-set-set,hurt-hurt-hurt, 特殊:动词read的过去式和过去分词虽然词形与原形一致,read-read-r
3、ead,但发音分别是[ri:d]-[red]-[red]。 二、有些动词的过去分词与原形是一样的。如: come-came-come,become-became-become,run-ran-run,overcome-overcame-overcome(克服) 三、有些动词的过去式和过去分词相同。如: 1.把单词结尾的字母d改为t。如: lend-lent-lent,spend-spent-spent,send-sent-sent 2.改变单词中间元音字母。如: sit-sat-sat
4、,win-won-won,shine-shone-shone,hold-held-held 3.以eep结尾的动词,把eep改为ept。如: keep-kept-kept,sleep-slept-slept,sweep-swept-swept 4.过去式和过去分词都以augh或ough结尾的动词。如: buy-bought-bought,fight-fought-fought,think-thought-thought,bring-brought-brought,teach-taught-t
5、aught,catch-caught-caught 5.有的以ay结尾的动词,在过去式和过去分词中把ay变成aid。如: say-said-said,lay-laid-laid,pay-paid-paid 6.另有一些其它形式的变化。如: have-had-had,learn-learnt-learnt,leave-left-left,lose-lost-lost,make-made-made,meet-met-met,feel-felt-felt 四、有些动词原形中含有字母i,在过去式中变
6、i为a,在过去分词中变i为u。如: 五、以字母ow或aw结尾的动词,在变成过去式时,通常把元音字母变成e,在变成过去分词时,通常只在词尾加n。如: blow-blew-blown,draw-drew-drawn,grow-grew-grown,throw-threw-thrown,know-knew-known 六、有些动词的过去分词是在原形词尾加n或en,变成以en结尾的单词。如: rise-rose-risen,give-gave-given,take-took-taken,fall-f
7、ell-fallen,drive-drove-driven,eat-ate-eaten 特殊:write-wrote-written,speak-spoke-spoken,ride-rode-ridden,get-got-gotten