混合动力汽车英文介绍.docx

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1、此文档收集于网络，如有侵权，请联系网站删除HybridelectricvehicleFromWikipedia,thefreeencyclopediaThe ToyotaPrius istheworld'sbestsellinghybridcar,withcumulativeglobalsalesofover3millionunitsthroughJune2013.[1]A hybridelectricvehicle (HEV)isatypeof hybridvehicle and electricvehicle whichcombinesaconvent

2、ionalinternalcombustionengine (ICE) propulsion systemwithan electric propulsionsystem.Thepresenceoftheelectricpowertrainisintendedtoachieveeitherbetter fueleconomy thana conventionalvehicle orbetterperformance.ThereareavarietyofHEVtypes,andthedegreetowhichtheyfunctionasEVsvariesas

3、well.ThemostcommonformofHEVisthehybridelectriccar,althoughhybridelectrictrucks(pickupsandtractors)andbusesalsoexist.ModernHEVsmakeuseofefficiency-improvingtechnologiessuchas regenerativebraking,whichconvertsthevehicle'skineticenergyintoelectricenergytochargethebattery,ratherthanwa

4、stingitasheatenergyasconventionalbrakesdo.SomevarietiesofHEVsusetheirinternalcombustionenginetogenerateelectricitybyspinningan electricalgenerator (thiscombinationisknownasa motor-generator),toeitherrechargetheirbatteriesortodirectlypowertheelectricdrivemotors.ManyHEVs reduceidlee

5、missions byshuttingdowntheICEatidleandrestartingitwhenneeded;thisisknownasa start-stopsystem.Ahybrid-electricproduceslessemissionsfromitsICEthanacomparablysizedgasolinecar,sinceanHEV'sgasolineengineisusuallysmallerthanacomparablysizedpuregasoline-burningvehicle(naturalgasandpropan

6、efuelsproduceloweremissions)andifnotusedtodirectlydrivethecar,canbegearedtorunatmaximumefficiency,furtherimprovingfueleconomy.In1901 FerdinandPorsche developedthe Lohner-PorscheMixteHybrid,thefirstgasoline-electrichybridautomobileintheworld.[2] Thehybrid-electricvehicledidnotbecom

7、ewidelyavailableuntilthereleaseofthe ToyotaPrius in Japan in1997,followedbythe HondaInsight in1999.[3] Whileinitiallyperceivedasunnecessaryduetothelowcostofgasoline,worldwideincreasesinthepriceofpetroleumcausedmany automakers toreleasehybridsinthelate2000s;theyarenowperceivedasaco

8、resegmentofthe automotivemarket o