初一英语句子的基本成分.docx

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1、起航教育英语句子的基本成分一、句子的基本成分句子的基本成分有以下几种：主语、谓语、宾语、表语、定语、状语、补语、同位语。ImetmybestfriendTomatthestationyesterday.主语谓语定语宾语同位语状语1、主语：句子的主体，全句述说的对象。一般由名词、代词、不定式、动名词或从句担当，位于句首。Janeisgoodatplayingthepiano.（名词）Shewentoutinahurry.（代词）Fourplusfouriseight.（数词）Toseeistobelieve.（不定式）Smokingisbadforhe

2、alth.（动名词）Theyoungshouldrespecttheold.（名词化的形容词）Whathehassaidistrue.（句子）找出下列句中的主语：1、Thesunrisesintheeast.          2、Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.      3、Thepoorarenowlivingintheshelter.4、Seeingisbelieving.     5、Toseeistobelieve.        6、Helikesdancing.    7、Whatheneedsisa

3、book.8、Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.2、谓语：说明主语的动作或状态或特征。由动词或系动词加表语担任，常置于主语后。简单谓语:由动词或动词词组组成Isawtheflagonthetopofthehill?Helookedaftertwoorphans.复合谓语：由情态动词或助动词+动词;HecanspeakEnglishwell.Shedoesn’tseemtolikedancing.找出下列句中的谓语（注：只有动词才可作谓语。）：1.WeloveChina.2.Weha

4、vefinishedreadingthisbook.3.HecanspeakEnglish.4.Sheseemstired.3、宾语：表示动作的对象或承受者。一般由名词或代词担当，常置于谓语后。Showyourpassport,please.（名词）Shedidn'tsayanything.（代词）Howmanydoyouwant?-Iwanttwo.（数词）Theysenttheinjuredtohospital.（名词化的形容词）Theyaskedtoseemypassport.（不定式）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（动名词）Did

5、youwritedownwhathesaid?（句子）宾语分为直接宾语和间接宾语.直接宾语指物或事,间接宾语指人或动物.Hegavemesomebooks.间接直接宾语宾语指出下面句子的间接宾语和直接宾语：pleasepassmethebook.Heboughthisgirlfriendsomeflowers.找出下列句子的宾语部分：1.Weoftenhelphim.2.Helikestoplaybasketball.3.Weenjoylisteningtothemusic.4.Shesaidthathefeltsick.5.Theyaretalki

6、ngaboutthenewstudent.4、表语：用以表述主语的特征、状态、身份等。一般由名词或形容词担任，置于系动词之后。Heisastudent.Wearetired.注意：除了be系动词外，还有一些动词也可以用作系动词，1)表感官的动词:feel,smell,taste,sound,look,appear,seem等。2)表转变变化的动词:become,get,grow,turn,go等。3)表延续的动词:remain,keep,hold,stay,rest等。Thewarwasover.Theyseemtoknowthetruth.Time

7、isprecious.I’mnotquitemyselftoday.Thatremainsapuzzle.Idon’tfeelatease.找出下列句中的表语。1.Iamateacher.2.Theyareontheplayground.3.MyjobisteachingEnglish.4.Itgetscold.5.Itsoundsinteresting.5、定语：对名词或代词起修饰、限定作用的词、短语或句子。Theblackbikeismine.（形容词）TheboyinblueisJim.（介词短语）Ihavenothingtodotoday.（

8、动词不定式）Hisfatherworksinasteelwork.（名词）Thereare54student