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ID:50829633
大小:1.26 MB
页数:70页
时间:2020-03-14
《日化行业管理会计案例分析(英文版).ppt》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在PPT专区-天天文库。
1、StandardCostsandOperatingPerformanceMeasuresChapter10StandardCostsBenchmarksformeasuringperformance.Theexpectedlevelofperformance.Basedoncarefullypredeterminedamounts.Usedforplanninglabor,materialandoverheadrequirements.StandardCostsareStandardCostsDirectMaterialManagersfocusonquantitie
2、sandcoststhatexceedstandards,apracticeknownasmanagementbyexception.TypeofProductCostAmountDirectLaborManufacturingOverheadStandardAccountants,engineers,personneladministrators,andproductionmanagerscombineeffortstosetstandardsbasedonexperienceandexpectations.SettingStandardCostsSettingStand
3、ardCostsShouldweusepracticalstandardsoridealstandards?EngineerManagerialAccountantSettingStandardCostsPracticalstandardsshouldbesetatlevelsthatarecurrentlyattainablewithreasonableandefficienteffort.ProductionmanagerSettingStandardCostsIagree.Idealstandards,thatarebasedonperfection,are
4、unattainableanddiscouragemostemployees.HumanResourcesManagerSettingDirectMaterialStandardsQuantityStandardsUseproductdesignspecifications.PriceStandardsFinal,deliveredcostofmaterials,netofdiscounts.SettingDirectLaborStandardsRateStandardsUsewagesurveysandlaborcontracts.TimeStandar
5、dsUsetimeandmotionstudiesforeachlaboroperation.SettingVariableOverheadStandardsRateStandardsTherateisthevariableportionofthepredeterminedoverheadrate.ActivityStandardsTheactivityisthebaseusedtocalculatethepredeterminedoverhead.StandardCostCard–VariableProductionCostAstandardcostcardfo
6、roneunitofproductmightlooklikethis:Arestandardsthesameasbudgets?Astandardistheexpectedcostforoneunit.Abudgetistheexpectedcostforallunits.Standardsvs.BudgetsStandardCostVariancesProductCostStandardThisvarianceisunfavorablebecausetheactualcostexceedsthestandardcost.Astandardcostvarianceistheam
7、ountbywhichanactualcostdiffersfromthestandardcost.StandardCostVariancesIseethatthereisanunfavorablevariance.Butwhyarevariancesimportanttome?First,theypointtocausesofproblemsanddirectionsforimprovement.Second,theytriggerinvestigationsin
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