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一、自然、生态、环境1．好词（1）Environmental/water/air/noisepollution（2）Resourcesexhaustion（3）Wildlifeextinction（4）Endangeredspecies（5）Naturalhabitat（6）Reserveareas（7）Sand/duststorm（8）Clear-cutting/deforestation（9）Overfishing（10）Overgrazing（11）Soilerosion（12）Waterandsoilconservation（13）Desertification（14）Naturaldisaster（15）Floodthreat（16）Firehazard（17）Storm/tempest（18）Blizzard（19）Drought（20）Famine（21）Disruptionofecologicalbalance（thebalanceofecosystem）（22）Eruptionofvolcanoes（23）Earthquake（24）Avalanche（25）Landslide（26）Hurricane（27）Shortageofwaterresources（28）Shortageoffreshwater（29）Harmfulchemicals（30）Poisonous/toxicgases（31）Carbonmonoxide（32）Urbansmog（33）Industrialwaste（34）Hazardousnuclearwaste（35）Radioactivepollutants（36）Wastegassentofffromautomobiles（37）Caremissionstandard（38）Non-biodegradablematerial（39）Throw-awaylunchbox（40）Recyclableproduct（41）Renewableresources（42）Conservenaturalresources（43）Plasticbags（44）Greenhouseeffect（45）Globalwarming（46）Acidrain（47）Energycrisis（48）Oilleakage（49）Environmentawareness（50）Pestrampancy（51）Rescueandreliefwork（52）Garbagedisposal2．佳句（1）Pollutionis,infact,threateningourexistence.（2）Villagersareasarulehealthierthanpeoplewholiveintowns.Onereasonforthisisthatcountryairisfresherthantheairinsmokycities.（3）Mostofthenoiseinthecitycomesfromtraffic,factoriesandconstructionsites.（4）Thereisanincreasinglyloudvoicefromthepubliccallingforfirmactionagainstpollution.（5）Scientistshavewarnedthatunlesseffectivesolutionsareworkedout,theproblemofpollutionwilleventuallygetoutofhand.（6）Manyfactoriesdischargeenormousharmfulchemicalsintoairandriverseveryday.（7）Tokillinsects,farmersusealargeamountofinsecticidessoastohaveabumperharvest.Asaresult,theypollutetheair,waterandland.（8）Thegasfromcarenginesisverypoisonous.Itisamainsourceofairpollutionincities.（9）Deforestationresultintheincreaseofglobaltemperatureandunpleasantchangeofclimate. （10）Theearthisourhomeandwehavethedutytotakecareofitforourselvesandforourlatergeneration.（11）Beijingnowhasbecomeoneofthemostpollutedcitiesintheworld.Amongthe10citieswiththeworstairpollutionintheworldlastyear,Beijingwasthethirdmostpollutedcity.（12）Ifthecityhadnotplaguedbypoorqualityair,theannualdeathrateinBeijingwouldhavebeen4percentlowerinpastthreeyears,accordingtotheresearchdonejointlybyBeijingMedicalUniversityandHarvardUniversity.（13）Beijingconsumes2.8milliontonsofcoaleachyear,ofwhich75percentarelow-gradecoal.（14）Tomakeroomforthosebuildings,treesarebeingcutdown,grassplotsoccupied.Citieslooklikenothingbutgreyconcretewoods.（15）Moderncitiesshouldbeexpandingwithacertainpercentageforgreen-plantareas.（16）Wemustbeginnowtoprotectouronlyearth.（17）Almosteverythingweusedailycomesfromthelanddirectlyorindirectly.（18）Butthelimitedlandisdecreasingatasurprisingspeed.（19）Thenaturehasgivenussomuch,butlooksatwhatwehavedoneinreturnforitsgenerosity.（20）Theozonelayerisournaturalshieldinthesky,butthisshieldisingreatdangerduetohumanactivities.Toprotecttheozonelayeristoprotectus.（21）DepletingtheozonelayerallowsmoreUV-Btoreachtheearth,whichmeansmoreskincancers,moreeyecataracts（白内障），weakenedimmunesystems,andreducedplantyield.（22）Thenaturehasbeenirritated,whichresultsintheshortageofvaluableresources,airpollution,countlessacresoflandsbecomingdeserts,etc.（23）Fortunately,manycountrieshavegottoknowtheseriousnessoftheproblemandtakeactivemeasurestopreservetheenvironment.（24）Wesincerelyhopethatallthepeopleintheworldwilltakepartinthecampaignandjoinhandstoprotectthenature.（25）Besides,treesandlawnsinourcitieswillinthelongrunhelpimprovethelocalclimate.（26）Thegovernmentshouldalsospendmoremoneyonthepreservationofcurrentlawnsandcultivationofnewlawns.（27）Chinesegovernmenthastakenstrictmeasurestostopcarelessandindiscriminatefellingoftrees.（28）Therefore,governmentsareplayingthemostimportantroleinenvironmentalprotectiontoday.（29）Thegovernmentshouldletpeoplefullrealizetheimportanceofenvironmentalprotectionthrougheducation.（30）Carsshouldbeequippedwithspecialdevicestoreduceautoemission.（31）Farmerscanutilizemodernbiologicaltechniquesinsteadofchemicalfertilizerstogrowcrops.（32）Desertcanbeturnedintocultivatedlandbyacertainkindofshrub.（33）Recyclingofpaper,steelandplasticsisimportantforhelpingprotectourenvironment.（34）Thecitywasbeautifiedonatremendousscale.（35）Energycrisiswillthreatenourexistencebecauseofthepeople’sextravaganceandthe rapidgrowthofhepopulation.（36）Itisimperativethatweinvestigateanddevelopnewsourcesofenergyimmediately.（37）Withtheexpansionofindustrialization,requirementforenergyallovertheworldisontherise.（38）Wehaveagreatneedforenergybecauseoftherapidgrowthofoureconomy.（39）Theserichenergyresourcesarebeinguseduprapidly.（40）Toavoidenergycrisisinthefuture,weshouldtakesomeactions.（41）Theoveruseofenergyhasinfluencedecologicalbalance.（42）Thedevelopmentofmodernlifeisplacingandeverincreasingdemandforelectricity.（43）Iftherewerenoenergy,ourworldwouldbeinastateofconfusion.（44）Protectingendangeredspecieshelpsprotectahealthyenvironment.Endangeredspeciesarenature’searlywarningsystemforpollutionandenvironmentaldegradationthatmaysomedayaffecthumanhealth.（濒危物种是大自然的关于污染和环境恶化的早期警戒系统，污染和环境恶化有朝一日会影响人类的健康。）（45）Protectingendangeredspeciessavesapartofnatureforourchildrenandgrandchildrentoenjoy.（46）Protectingendangeredspecieshelpsprotectsustainableeconomiesandagoodqualityoflife.Endangeredspeciesoffish,wildlifeandplantsareofecological,educational,historical,recreationalandscientificvaluetothenationsandtheirpeople.（47）Allofthelivingcreatures,includinghumans,arepartofacomplex,delicatelybalancednetworkcalledthebiosphere.（48）Nocreatureexistsinisolation.Theremovalofasinglespeciescansetoffachainreactionaffectingmanyothers.（49）Itisestimatedthatabout12,000Tibetanantelopesarekilledeachyear.Ifthistrendcontinues,thisspecieswillbeextinctintwodecades.（50）Ahealthyenvironmentforwildlifecontributestohealthyenvironmentforpeople,todayandtomorrow.（二）社会生活问题1．好词（1）Populationexplosion/babyboom（2）Populationcensus（3）Birth/deathrate（4）Familyplanning（5）Suicidebombing（6）Dropoutstudents（7）Eliminateilliteracy（8）Helpthoseindistressandaidthoseinperil（9）Poverty-strickenareas（10）Remoteandmountainareas（11）Shakeoffpovertyandsetoutonaroadtoprosperity（12）Braindrain（13）Corruptionphenomenon（14）Offerandtakebribes（15）Embezzlepubicfunds（16）Counterfeitcertificates（17）Counterfeitcurrency/IDcard（18）Creditcardfraud（19）Fakecommodities（20）Vendingmachine（21）Generationgap （22）Couchpotato（23）Keepaconcubine/mistress（24）Casino/gambling（25）Goonadiet（26）Well-balancedmeals（27）Enjoybanquetsusingpublicfunds（28）Badconstructionprojects（29）Suspend/discontinueaproject（30）Welfare-orientedpublichousingdistributionsystem（31）High-riseapartmentbuilding（32）Downpayment(bymonthlyinstallments)（33）Juveniledelinquency（34）Laid-offworkers（35）Trial-period（36）On-the-jobtraining/professionaltraining（37）Reemploymentproject（38）U.N.SecurityCouncil（39）Government-fundedpersonnelstudyingabroad（40）Racial/sexdiscrimination（41）Trafficjam/roadcongestion（42）Drunkdriving（43）Violationoftrafficregulations（44）Hit-and-runaccident（45）Rush/peakhour（46）Securitypersonnel（47）Spokesmanfornewsrelease（48）Pressconference（49）Globalization（50）Intellectualpropertyright（51）Infringementonthepatentright（52）BidfortheOlympicGames（53）Sportslottery（54）Livebroadcast（55）Frozenfood（56）Preservationofculturalrelics（57）Changefromtemporarytoregularworker（58）Body-buildingexercises（59）Bungeejumping（60）Permanentresidencecertificate（61）Euthanasia（62）Drugaddition（63）AIDSdisease（64）Campusviolence（65）Childabuse（66）Kidnap/blackmail2．佳句（1）Moreandmorepeoplecometorealizetheimportanceofregularphysicalexercise.（2）Wemuststruggleagainstourownlazinessandstaywithourtraining,rainorshine.（风雨无阻）（3）Maintainingourhealthisveryimportant.Nooneshouldtriflewithhishealth.（4）Physicalexerciseincreasestheappetiteandfavorsdigestion.Itincreasesthecirculationoftheblood.Physicalexercisecandevelopone’sself-confidence,judgment,andastrongwill.（5）Earlytobedandearlytorise,makesamanhealthy,wealthy,andwise.(BenjaminFranklin)（6）Asoundmindisinasoundbody.（7）Takingpartinsportsandgameswillkeepusfitandhealthy.（8）Propersportsactivitieshelpusstrengthenourphysicalbodyandbuildoursenseofcompetitionandcooperation.（9）Researchshowsthatgettingplentyofexercisemakesheartbeatfasterandlungworkharder,thusstrengtheningtheheartandreducingthechanceofheartattack,andhelpingtolowerbloodpressure. （10）Forthosewhoworkwiththeirbrainsmostoftheday,thepracticeofsportisespeciallyuseful.（11）Onceahabitisformed,itisdifficultandsometimesimpossibletoshakeitoff.（12）Itiseasiertofallintobadhabitsthantogetintogoodones.（13）Manysuccessfulmendeclarethattheyownmuchoftheirprosperitytotheformationofcertaingoodhabitsinearlylife,suchaspunctuality,earlyrising,honesty,andthoroughness.（14）TheeatinghabitsofChinesepeoplehavechangeddramaticallyinthepastdecade.（15）Peoplebegintoeatlessgrain,butmorefruitandvegetables.Freshfruitandvegetablesarerichincarbohydrate（碳水化合物）,vitaminsandminerals.（16）Peoplenowpaymuchattentiontonutrition,sotheychoosetoeatmeatanddrinkmilk.（17）Fishandchickencontainmoreproteinandlessfat.（18）Theissueofre-employmentisofvitalimportancetothecountry’sreform,developmentandstability.（19）Somestatisticsindicatethattrainedworkersarethreetimesaslikelytobere-employedasthosewhohaven’tparticipatedinanytrainingprograms.（20）Are-employment-orientedtrainingnetworkshouldbeformedimmediatelytocoverasmanylaid-offworkersaspossibletoenhancetheirabilitiestofacechallenges.（21）Itsnoshametoearnbreadwithone’sownhandsnomatterwhatkindofworkhedoes,butit’sadisgracetoidlealongwithfoldedarmsandwaituntilfinancialaidarrives.（22）Chinaisundergoingaperiodoftransitionfromasocialistplannedeconomytoasocialistmarketeconomy.（23）Thegovernmentissupposedtoissuemorebeneficialpoliciestohelpthelay-offsoutofdifficulty.（24）Everyonedesiresandpursueshappiness.Buthappinessmeansdifferentthingstodifferentpeople.（25）I’llbehappyifIcanrealizemyvalueinmyfuturecareerandmakesomecontributiontothedevelopmentofourcountry.（26）Happinessalsomeansbeingongoodtermwithmycolleaguesandfriends.（27）Theonlyoneswhowillbereallyhappyarethosewhowillhavesoughtandfoundhowtoservethepeople.（28）Happinessliesfirstofallinhealth.（29）Happinessisalwaysaboundedfromhardwork.（30）Happinessconsistsincontentment.（31）Everygenerationhasitsownviewoflifeandvaluesystem,whichresultsfromitslivingcircumstances.（32）Aslongasdifferentgenerationscanunderstandeachotherandavoidfoistingtheirownviewsandvaluesonothers,therewillbefewerconflictsandmoreharmonybetweenthegenerations.（33）Theoldassumethattheyknowbest,butitisonlyamatterofexperience.（34）Theyoungknowhowtoenjoyworkandleisureandnottobeinhibited.（约束）（35）Childrenoftencomplainthattheirparentscannotunderstandthem,whileparentsfeelsorrythattheirchildrenseldomshowthemproperrespectandobedience.（36）Childrenshouldrespecttheirparentsandbeawarethatwhattheirparentsdoisfortheir good.（37）AsreformationgoesdeeperinChina,civilservantsnolongerhave“ironricebowls”astheyusedtohaveinmanyplaces.（38）Whateverwedo,weshoulddoinourpower.（尽力而为）（39）Tomakeawisechoiceofoccupations,twoimportantthingsshouldbetakenintoconsid-eration.Oneistheinterest,theother,thedemandofthepeopleandsociety.（40）Itisdefinitelytruethatbehindeverydailyactivityliesamotive.Asamatteroffact,wecanachievenothingwithoutarealisticgoal.（41）Everybodyshouldhaveagoalinhislife,becauseaimlesslifewastesourenergyandtime.（42）Whatevergoalyoumighthave,theprimarilyimportantthingyoushouldhaveinlifeishealth.（43）Itisuniversallytruethateveryoneneedsgoodhealth.Withoursocietybecomingmorecompetitive,itisimportanttostayhealthy.（44）Foronething,peoplewithgoodhealthcandoworkwithfullenergyandtheirexcellenceinworkinturncontributestotheirhealthandhappiness.Foranother,anunhealthypersonisseldomabletoshowinterestineverythingaroundhimandthereforehelosesmanyopportunitiestoachievesuccess.（45）Generallyspeaking,thosewhohavegoodmotivesdotheirdutieswell.Forexample,parentsworkhardfromearlymorningtilllateatnightbecausetheywanttosupporttheirfamilies.Studentsstudydiligentlyeithertoranktopintheirclassortobepreparedfortheirfuturesuccess.（46）Ontheotherhand,peopledothingsevilbecausetheyhaveevilgoals.Forinstance,themotiveforgettingmoneywithouthardworkmakesapickpocketstealapurse.Tofulfillhisevildesire,arobbergrabothers’belongings,andamurderercankillaninnocentperson.Thesewickedmotivesarethekindthatpeopleneedtogetridofbecausetheyhurtothers.（47）Itisofteneasiertohaveidealsthantocarrythemout.（48）Effortandpersistencearenecessaryfortherealizationofideals.（49）Oncethegoalisdetermined,wemustcreateopportunitiestoreachit.Workhardandbepatientafteryourgoalisset.Tryyourbesttomakeyourlifehappeninthewayyouwishtoseeit.Itisthosewhosettherightgoalandsticktoitlongenoughwillfinallyachieveit.（50）Livingwithoutanaimislikesailingwithoutacompass.Whenidealsaregoneyoumaystillexist,butyouhaveceasedtolive.（虽生犹死）
