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1、原文EfficiencyAndOperatingCharacteristicsOfCentrifugalAndReciprocatingCompressorsByRainerKurz,BernhardWinkelmann,andSaeidiVIokhatabReciprocatingcompressorsandcentrifugalcompressorshavedifferentoperatingcharacteristicsandusedifferenteificiencydefinitions.Thisarticleprovidesgu
2、idelinesforanequitablecomparison,resultinginauniversalefficiencydefinitionforbothtypesofmachines.Thecomparisonisbasedontherequirementsinwhichauserisultimatelyinterested.Further,theimpactofactualpipelineoperatingconditionsandtheimpactonefficiencyatdifferentloadlevelsisevalu
3、ated.Atfirstglance,calculatingtheefficiencyforanytypeofcompressionseemstobestraightforward:comparingtheworkrequiredofanidealcompressionprocesswiththeworkrequiredofanactualcompressionprocess.Thedifficultyiscorrectlydefiningappropriatesystemboundariesthatincludelossesassocia
4、tedwiththecompressionprocess.Unlesstheseboundariesareappropriatelydefined,comparisonsbetweencentrifugalandreciprocatingcompressorsbecomeflawed.Wealsoneedtoacknowledgethattheefficiencydefinitions,evenwhenevaluatedequitably,stilldon'tcompletelyansweroneoftheoperator'smaincon
5、cerns:Whatisthedriverpowerrequiredforthecompressionprocess?Toaccomplishthis,mechanicallossesinthecompressionsystemsneedtobediscussed.Trendsinefficiencyshouldalsobeconsideredovertime,suchasoff-designconditionsastheyareimposedbytypicalpipelineoperations,ortheimpactofoperatin
6、ghoursandassociateddegradationonthecompressors.Thecompressionequipmentusedforpipelinesinvolveseitherreciprocatingcompressorsorcentrifugalcompressors.Centrifugalcompressorsaredrivenbygasturbines,orbyelectricmotors.Thegasturbinesusedare,ingeneral,two-shaftenginesandtheelectr
7、icmotordrivesuseeithervariablespeedmotors,orvariablespeedgearboxes.Reciprocatingcompressorsareeitherlowspeedintegralunits,whichcombinethegasengineandthecompressorinonecrankcasing,orseparable"high-speed"units.Thelatterunitsoperateinthe750-1,200rpmrange(1,800rpmforsmalleruni
8、ts)andaregenerallydrivenbyelectricmotors,orfour-strokegasengines.EfficiencyTodeterminethe
