临床实验室生物危害评估及生物安全水平ppt课件.ppt

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1、临床实验室生物危害评估及生物安全水平1September25,2003SARSworkcontinuesdespitelabinfectionASingaporeanresearchinstitutelinkedtotheworld'smostrecentSARScaseofa27-year-oldmaninfectionwillabandonitsworkonthecoronavirus.Inappropriatelaboratoryproceduresandacross-contaminationofWestNilevirussampleswiththeS

2、ARScoronavirusinthelaboratoryledtotheinfectionofthedoctoralstudent.AnofficialfromChina'sMinistryofScienceandTechnologysaidChina'sresearchintotheSARSvirusandotheraspectsofthediseasewouldnotbeaffectedbytheaccidentinSingapore.2OfficialsConcernedAboutSARSInfectionsbyLabContaminationTheNew

3、YorkTimesLastweek,aWorldHealthOrganizationcommitteethatinvestigatedthecaseconcludedthatthestudentmostlikelybecameinfectedinAugustthroughcontaminationinalaboratorywhereheworkedonanothervirus.“Inappropriatelaboratorystandardsandacross-contaminationofWestNilevirussampleswithSARScoronavir

4、usinthelaboratoryledtotheinfection……theChineseUniversityofHongKonghaltedworkongrowingtheSARSvirusforsomeequipmenttheyuseddidnotmeetsecuritystandards.3Instituteisolatedforsuspectedlabinfection(Xinhua)Updated:2004-04-2709:00SinceApril22,ChinahasreportedtwodiagnosedandsixsuspectedSARScas

5、esinBeijingandeastChina'sAnhuiprovince.TheInstituteofVirologyundertheChineseCenterforDiseasePreventionandControlhasbeenisolatedandallstaffincontactwiththeaffectedareashavebeenquarantined.4职业暴露与感染实验室工作可能发生职业暴露职业暴露可能发生感染5实验室获得性感染指实验室工作等活动过程中导致的工作人员及相关人员的感染，其中大约2/3的实验室获得性感染与直接接触、使用含有传染性病

6、原体的标本或生物材料等有关Pike对3921例报告的实验室感染分析表明，其中59%源自研究性实验室，17%发生在临床诊断性实验室其中气溶胶是最主要的传播途径，在实验室意外引起的感染中70%是由喷溅、针刺或切割伤所致6常见的实验室感染Mostfrequentlyreportedlaboratory-acquiredinfectionsintheUnitedStatesandGreatBritaintotalno.(%)ofcasesreportedfor:InfectionUSUSANDworldGreatbritainNACDBrucellosis274(9.4)

7、423(10.8)2(10.8)18(52.9)Qfever184(6.3)278(7.1)0Typhoidfever292(10.0)256(6.5)3(3.2)Hepatitis126(4.3)234(6.0)19(20.0)Tularemia129(4.4)225(5.7)0Tuberculosis174(6.0)176(4.5)24(25.3)4(11.8)Dermatomycosis84(2.9)161(4.1)02(5.9)Venezuelanequine118(4.1)141(3.6)0encephalitisTyphus82(2.8)124(3.2

8、)0Psi