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1、语法精讲定语从句定语从句的关系代词和关系副词的选择关键是要注意分析它们在从句中所作的句子成分，如果作主语、宾语、表语、定语，则用关系代词which,that,who,whom,whose；若作状语，则用关系副词when,where,why。注意下列情况：1.只用that（1）当先行词是不定代词，如all,everything,anything,nothing,much,few,little,none,theone等时。（2）先行词（指物的）前面有only,few,oneof,little,no,all,every,very等词修饰时。（3）先行词被序数词first,last,ne
2、xt等或形容词的最高级修饰时。（4）当先行词既有人又有物时。（5）当先行词是系动词be后面的表语或关系词本身是从句的表语时。如：Chinaisn’tthecountrythatsheusedtobe50yearsago.Heisnolongerthemanthatheusedtobe.It’sabookthatwillhelpyouagreatdeal.（6）当主句是以who,which或what开头的特殊疑问句时。（7）当主句以Therebe…结构开头时。如：Thereisaseatinthecornerthatisstillfree.Therearetwoticketsoft
3、hefilmthatareforyou.（8）当先行词是what时，如：Whatdidyouhearthatmadeyousoangry?（9）当先行词是基数词时。如：YesterdayIcaughttwofishandputtheminabasinofwater.Nowyoucanseethetwothatarestillalive.2.只用which（1）在非限制性定语从句中充当主语或定语时。（2）当关系代词前有介词时。（3）当先行词本身that是时。如：What’sthatwhichflashedintheskyjustnow?3.只用who不用that（1）先行词是one
4、,ones或anyone时。（2）先行词为those或被those修饰，指人时。如：Thosewholearnnotonlyfrombooksbutalsothroughpracticewillsucceed.（3）在therebe…的句子中，先行词为人时。如：Thereisacomradeoutsidewhowantstoseeyou.（4）当定语从句中又有定语从句，且先行项都为人时。如：Thestudentthatwonthefirstprizeisthemonitorwhoworkshard.（5）当指人的先行项被一些指物的名词修饰时。如：There’sonlyonestu
5、dentintheschoolwhoIwanttosee.Doyouknowthewomaninbluewithababyonherbackwhoisworkinginthefields?(6)在非限制性定语从句中指人。如：Imetafriendofmineinthestreet,whohadjustcomefromAmerica.（7）定语从句中有插入语时，并不影响关系代词和副词的选择。如：JacksonisamanwhoIbelieveishonest.Hewonanotheraward,whichIthinkistheresultofhishardwork.4.在定语从句中
6、，whose作定语，其先行词既可以是人，又可以是物。如：LeiFengwasagreatcommunistfighterwhosedeathwasweightierthanMountTai.Where’sthewindowwhoseglassisbroken?5.as,which的比较（1）在非限制性定语从句中，均可替代整个主句或句中某个部分，在从句中作主语、宾语、表语。如从句在主句之后，两者皆可用。如：Grammarisnotasetofdeadrules,which/asIhavesaidbefore.（2）如从句在主句之前，用as。（3）如关系代词代表主句全句意思，有“正如
7、……，就像……”之意时，用as。如：Wewonthematch,aswehadexpected.（4）当先行词被thesame,such,so修饰时，用as。如：Thisisthesamebooksasyouboughtyesterday.（同类书）比较：Thisisthesamebookthatyouboughtyesterday.(同一本书)考题再现【考例1】(2006江西高考，33)—Doyouhaveanythingtosayforyourselves?—Yes,ther
