英汉段落结构对比.doc

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1、英汉段落结构对比英语：线性发展汉语：螺旋型发展典型的英语段落结构：中心思想句开头（topicsentence）,分几个方面对主题句进行阐述和发展。最后一句，对主题句的照应，又引出后面一段的意思。类型：1.并列型：主题句支持句1，2，3，4，5Butthat’sonlypartofthestory.Themostremarkablethingaboutdaydreamingmaybeitsusefulnessinshapingourfuturelivesaswewantthemtobe.IndustrialistHenryJ.

2、Kaiserbelievedthatmostofhissuccesswasduetothepositiveuseofdaydreaming.Hemaintainedthat“youcanimagineyourfuture.”FlorenceNightingaledreamedofbecominganurse.TheyoungThomasEdisonpicturedhimselfasaninventor.Forthesenotableachievers,itappearsthattheirdaydreamcametrue.并列

3、型段落一般用于举例和分类。1.顺序型一般用于叙述的时间和操作的程序。主题句支持句1支持句2支持句3支持句4Canyouusepurposefuldaydreamingtoshapeyourownfuture?Whynottry?Hereishowthosewhobelieveincreativedaydreamingrecommendgoingaboutit.Chooseatimewhenyoucanbealoneandundisturbed.Closeyoureyes,topermityourimaginationtoso

4、armorefreely.Manypeoplefindthattheygetbestresultsbypretendingthattheyaresittingbeforealargescreen.Theyprojectthedesiredimageofthemselvesontothescreen.2.层递型：常用于说理分析。Liesalsodoharmtothosewhotellthem:harmtoehriintegrityand,inthelongrun,totheircredibility.Lieshurttheir

5、colleaguesaswell.Thesuspicionofdeceitundercutstheworkofthemanydoctorswhoarescrupulouslyhonestwiththeirpatients;itcontributestothespiraloflawsuitsandof“defensivemedicine,”andthusitunjures,inturn,theentiremedicalprofession.1.转折型指段内句于句之间存在着意义的转折。一般用于意义的对比和对照。Sharpconf

6、lictsarenowarising.Patientsarelearningtopressforanswers.Patients’billsofrightsrequirethattheybeinformedabouttheirconditionandaboutalternativesfortreatment.Manydoctorsgotogreatlengthstoprovidesuchinformation.Yeteveninhospitalswiththemosteloquentbillofrights,believer

7、sinbenevolentdeceptioncontinuetheirage-oldpractices.Colleaguesmaydisapprovebutrefrainfromobjecting.Nursesmaybitterlyresenthavingtotakepart,dayafterday,indeceivingpatients,butfeelpowerlesstotakeastand.汉语自然逻辑结构：因为，……所以因为，……所以因此，英语线形组织结构：主题思想：说明理由：说明理由：归纳主题思想：英语段内连贯主要

8、靠两点：一、整体的发展结构，即结构粘连。1.重要性顺序；2.时间，空间；3.逻辑关系：一般——具体；具体——一般4.分类，对比二、局部的衔接手段，即语言粘连。英语的衔接手段：过渡词、词汇纽带和语法照应。（一）过渡词衔接：Toaddorshowsequence:Forthefirstpoin