中考英语定于从句练习及讲解.doc

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1、定语从句一．观察句子：找出定语从句，先行词，关系词。1.SheistheoldwomanwhomIsawthismorning.2.MaryisthegirlwhoseparentsworkinJapan3.Isthisthekeywhichyouarelookingfor?4.Isthereanyroomwhosewindowfacesthesea?5.Hewho/thatdoesn’treachthegreatwallisnotatrueman.6.Idon’tlikethegirlwhom/thatyouaretalkingabout.7.Thisistheh

2、ousewhich/thathasjustbeenpainted.8.Thecomputer(which/that)Iboughtamonthagobrokedownyesterday.9.ThegirlwhoseEnglishisverygoodwonthefirstplaceinthe100-meterrace.10.Thisismyschoolwhosebuildingsarebuiltonthetopofahill.结论1：引导定语从句的关系代词有________________________________________。who—指，做。whom—指，

3、做(优先)。that—指，做which—指做。whose—指，做。关系代词与先行词的关系1.Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that=2.TheboywhobrokethewindowiscalledTom.who=3.Theboywhoseparentsaredeadwasbroughtupbyhisgrandfather.4.TheclubwhosemembersaremusicfansmeetintheschoolgardeneverySaturdayafternoon.Whose=结论2：关系代词=先行词Whose=先行词的所有格=th

4、e+n.+of+whom/which介词+关系代词引导的定语从句Themantowhomyouspokewasascientist.Thecityinwhichshelivesisfaraway.结论3:关系代词前有介词时(介词提前)，指人只用,指物只用，不用和。三．找出下列句子中的先行词,关系词说出关系词在从句中所充当的成分;1.ThemanwhocametoourschoolisMr.Wang.2.Thegirl(whom)ImetisLucy.3.AchildwhoseparentsaredeadiscalledTom.4.Ilikethebook(which

5、)youboughtyesterday.语法讲解：一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句按其语法性质可分为限制性和两种。限定性定语从句用来限定先行词的范围，是不可缺少的成分；非限制性定语从句用来补充说明先行词，添加信息，省略后对全句没有太大的影响。例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevil

6、lage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaooncelived.二.关系代词和关系副词的功用关系代词和关系副词用来引导定于从句，在先行词和定语从句之间起纽带作用，使二者联系起来。关系代词和关系副词又在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系待客做主语，宾语，定语，关系副词可作状语。1.作主语：关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词的人称和数须和先行词一致。例如：Idon’tlikepeoplewhotalkmuchbutdolittle.ThecarswhichareproducedinHubeiProvincesellverywell.2.作宾

7、语：SheisthepersonthatImetattheschoolgateyesterday.Thebookthatmygrandmothergavemeiscalled“TheGreatEscape”.3.作定语关系代词whose在定语从句中作定语用。例如：What’sthenameoftheyoungmanwhosesisterisadoctor?Thegirlwhosefatherisateacherstudiesveryhard.4.作状语I’llneverforgetthedaywhenIfirstcametoBeijing.Thisistheho