标准外语虚拟语气及定语从句.doc

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1、虚拟语气1.if虚拟条件句1)时态搭配条件句主句与过去事实相反haddonewould/could/should+havedone与现在事实相反didwould/could/should+do与将来事实相反didshoulddoweretodowould/could/should+do2）省略倒装省略if后，将从句当中的had/should/were提到句首构成倒装。HadIcomeearlier,Iwouldhaveseenthestar.ShouldIhaveenoughtime,Iwouldgoforapicnictomorrow.3)

2、简略表达Butforyourhelp,Icouldn’thavefinishedthejobontime.Withoutyourhelp,Icouldnothavefinishedthejob.Yougavemealotofhelp.Otherwise,Icouldn’thavesucceeded.2.wish虚拟与过去事实相反haddone/couldhavedone与现在事实相反did与将来事实相反would/could+do3.asif虚拟与过去事实相反haddone与现在事实相反did与将来事实相反would/could+do4.sh

3、ould虚拟1)在宾语从句中vt.+(that)+主语+(should)do一坚持insist二命令ordercommand三建议advisesuggestpropose四要求askdemandrequirrequest※1.urge,recommend也具有同样用法2.insist意为“坚持要求”时虚拟，意为“坚持认为”不虚拟。3.suggest意为“建议”时虚拟，意为“表明、暗示”不虚拟。2）在主语从句中Itisnecessary/important/strange/natural…that主语+shoulddoItisashame/ap

4、itythat主语+shoulddoItissuggested/required…that主语+shoulddo3)在同位语从句中IreceivedhisorderthatIshouldfinishthejobat5.Ididn’taccepthissuggestionthatIshouldmakeanapologytohim.4)在表语从句中HisproposalisthatIshouldhandinmypaperintime.5.在句型中的虚拟语气1）It’s(high)timesb.did…/shoulddo…2）…wouldrathe

5、rsb.did...(对现在或将来的虚拟)/haddone…（对过去的虚拟）3）Ifonly主语+did…(对现在或将来的虚拟)/haddone…（对过去的虚拟）!6.should/could/would+havedone表与过去事实不相符的虚拟7.hadhoped/thought/intended本打算，本想定语从句如何根据先行词判断关系词1.先行词为人，在从句中作主语who/that在从句中作宾语who/whom/that2.先行词为物，在从句中作主、宾语which/that3.先行词为人或物，在从句中作定语whose+n.ofwhich

6、/whom+then.then.+ofwhich/whom4.先行词被so/such修饰，从句缺成分as从句不缺成分that5.先行词被thesame修饰,表同一类as表同一个that6.先行词为地点名词，在从句中作主、宾语which/that在从句中作状语where/prep.+which7.先行词为时间名词，在从句中作主、宾语which/that在从句中作状语when/prep.+which8.先行词为thereason，在从句中作主、宾语which/that在从句中作状语why/forwhich9.先行词为theway，在从句中作主、宾

7、语which/that在从句中作状语不填/that/inwhich10.先行词为case/point/situation，在从句中作主、宾语which/that在从句中作状语where11.先行词为occasion，在从句中作主、宾语which/that在从句中作状语when12.先行词为一句话，在从句中翻译成“正如”as在非限定性定语从句中作主、宾语which