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1、语法知识点：定语从句放在名词或代词后面，由关系代词或关系副词引导的修饰该名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。attributiveclause形容词性从句relativeclause关系分句一.定语从句的基本定义TheboywhoisreadingisTom.先行词antecedent关系代词relativepronounHospitalisaplacewhereadoctorworks.先行词antecedent关系副词relativeadverbHemissedthetrain,whichannoy
2、edhimverymuch.先行词=整个句子关系代词关系代词2.关系副词关系代词在定语从句中作主语(subject)、宾语(object)、表语(predicative)和定语(attributive)，常用的关系代词有：that,which,who,whom,whose关系副词在定语从句中作状语(adverbial)，常用的关系副词有：when,where,why关系词的分类3.介词加关系代词Asisannouncedintoday'spapers,alltheschoolswillreope
3、nsoon.There is no motherbutloves her children.Hegotmoremoneythanwaswanted．4.特殊的关系词Iwasimpressedbytheeasewithwhichhehandledtheconflict.关系代词的基本用法和注意点关系代词的基本用法关系代词指代的先行词充当从句的成分who人主语、宾语whom人宾语which物主语、宾语that人或物主语、宾语、表语whose人或物定语who指人,在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可
4、省略。Theman(who)Italkedwithisourteacher.Apersonwhostealsthingsiscalledathief.whowhom指人,在定语从句中作宾语，可省略。Theman(whom)InoddedtoisMr.Li.注意：关系代词whom在口语和非正式语体中常用who代替，可省略。Themanwho/whomyoumetjustnowismyfriend.whomwhich指物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Thesearethetreesw
5、hichwereplantedlastyear.Thisrecorder（which）heisusingismadeinJapan.which注意：当先行词是all,one,everything,something,nothing等不定代词，或者被first,last,only,few,little,much,some,any,very，no以及形容词最高级、序数词等修饰时，应该用关系代词that，而不能使用which。Iaminterestedinallthatyouhavetoldme.wh
6、ich注意：b)当并列的两个先行词分别表示人和物时，应该用关系代词that，而不能使用which。Weweredeeplyimpressedbytheteachersandschoolsthatwehadvisitedthere.whichHeistheman(that)Itoldyouabout.that指人或物，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。作宾语时，可省略。Aplaneisamachinethatcanfly.that注意：下列情况只能用who而不能用that.当先行词是one,ones,an
7、yone,those等Anyonewhodoesthatmustbemad.that注意：下列情况只能用who而不能用that.b)用在therebe句型中Thereisayoungmanwhowantstoseeyou.that注意：下列情况只能用who而不能用that.c)当先行词是人，后面有较长的修饰语时。ImetafriendofmineintheparkyesterdaywhohadgotthreegoldmedalsintheAsianGames.that注意：下列情况只能用who而
8、不能用that.d)为了避免重复或引起歧义ThemanthatspokeatthemeetingisournewheadmasterwhohasjustcomefromShanghai.that注意：下列情况只能用who而不能用that.e)当先行词是I,you,he,they等时（常用于谚语）。Hewhoplayswithfiregetsburned.that注意：下列情况只能用who而不能用that.f)先行词如是指成员的集体名词，关系代词也用whoThisclass,whohavethet
