初中宾语从句详细讲解与练习.doc

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1、专题语法学习:宾语从句在复合句中用作宾语的从句叫做宾语从句。它是众多从句中的一员，在复合句中作主句谓语动词、介词或某些形容词的宾语。如： Iknowthatthemanisapoliceman. 主句引导词从句宾语从句三大块:1.引导宾语从句的连词；2.宾语从句的时态；3.宾语从句的语序。Ⅰ.引导宾语从句的连词1.陈述句充当宾语从句时，用that引导，that无词义，在口语或非正式文体中常省略。如：MyteachersaidIwasagoodboy.老师说我是个好男孩。Shedoesn’tknow(that)she

2、isseriouslyill.Iamsure(that)hewillsucceed.用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Iknow…2.Shesays…3.Tellyourfriend…（that）1.Thisisabook.2.Youlikesinging.3.Heworkedlastnight.4.Theywillgohome.5.JimhasbeentoBeijing.6.Shesingswell.2.当由一般疑问句充当宾语从句时，用if或whether引导，意为“是否”。如：(1)IsJimagoodstu

3、dent?　Idon’tknowIdon’tknowif/whetherJimisagoodstudent.(2)DoesKategetupearly?Doyouknow?Doyouknowif/whetherKategetsupearly?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:1.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Theteacherasks…if/whether1.Ishereading?2.Doyougetupatsix?3.DoesTomworkhard?4.DidyouwatchTV?5.Wi

4、lltheyreadbooks?6.Canyousing?注意：只能用whether不用if的三种情况•一般情况下，if和whether可以互换，但以下3种情况只能用whether：•①与ornot连用：HeaskedmewhetherornotIwascoming.Letmeknowwhetheryoucancomeornot.•②在介词之后：Itdependsonwhetheritisgoingtorain.IworryaboutwhetherIhurtherfeelings•③在不定式之前：Wehaven’td

5、ecidedwhethertogothere.Idon’tknowwhethertoacceptorrefuse.3.如果宾语从句原来是特殊疑问句，只需用原来的疑问词引导。如：1.Whatisshedoing?Canyoutellme?Canyoutellmewhatsheisdoing?2.Wheredoesshelive?Doyouknow?Doyouknowwhereshelives?用以下开头与下列句子连成宾语从句:41.Doyouknow…2.Iwanttoknow…3.Canyoutellme…1.Wha

6、tisthis?2.Whatareyoudoing?3.Wheredoyoulive?4.Whendoeshegetup?5.Howdidyougotowork?6.Whowillyouplaywith?Ⅱ.宾语从句的语序必须是陈述语序句式连词语序例句陈述句That不变Ithinkthatwecanbegoodfriends.一般疑问句if/whether改为陈述语序Ican’trememberifIpostedtheletter.特殊疑问句特殊疑问词改为陈述语序HeaskedwhowasourEnglishteac

7、her.注意事项:(一)当从句的原句为以下句子以及what,who作主语时，语序不变：What’swrong?What’sthematter?What’shappening?eg:Idon’tknowwhat’sthematter.Canyoutellmewhoisoverthere?Ⅲ.宾语从句与主句的时态要相互呼应1.如果主句的时态是一般现在时，宾语从句的时态根据具体情况来确定，可以是_________时态。Idon’tthink(that)youareright.Pleasetelluswherewe’llgo

8、fishingtomorrow.DoyouknowwhenMr.Smithmovedhere?2.如果主句的时态是一般过去时，宾语从句只能用相应的_________时态（一般过去时，过去进行时，过去将来时，过去完成时）。例如：HetoldmethathewasborninBeijingin1992.Hesaidthathewouldgoback