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1、AlexanderPope（1688-1744）PopewasanoutstandingenlightenerandthegreatestEnglishpoetoftheclassicalschoolinthefirsthalfofthe18thcentury.Hewasamasterintheartofpoetryandwascertainlythegreatestinhisstage.ItwasPopethatcarriedheroiccouplettoitslaststageofperfection.Pope’spoemsusuallyus
2、edheroiccouplet.（英雄双韵体）AheroiccoupletisatraditionalformforEnglishpoetry,commonlyusedinepicandnarrativepoetry,andconsistingofarhymingpairoflinesiniambicpentameter.AlexanderPopewasborninaCatholicfamily.Thestronganti-Catholicsentimentendedhisformaleducationandfromthenonhemostlye
3、ducatedhimselfbyreadingtheworksofclassicalwriters.HealsostudiedmanylanguagesandreadworksbyEnglish,French,Italian,Latin,andGreekpoets.Fromtheageof12,hesufferednumeroushealthproblems,suchasPott‘sdisease（脊椎结核病）,whichdeformedhisbodyandstuntedhisgrowth,leavinghimwithaseverehunchba
4、ck.Hegrewtoaheightofonly1.37 m.PopewasalreadyremovedfromsocietybecausehewasCatholic;hispoorhealthonlyalienatedhimfurther.Althoughhenevermarried,hehadmanyfemalefriendstowhomhewrotewittyletters.Allegedly,hislifelongfriend MarthaBlount washislover.PoetryEssayonCriticism《批评论》Rape
5、oftheLock《卷发遇劫记》EssayonMan《人论》TheDunciad《愚人志》MoralEssays《道德论》TranslationsandeditionsTranslationoftheIliad（《伊利亚特》）TranslationoftheOdyssey（《奥德赛》）EditionofShakespeare'sworksTheRapeoftheLockPope'smostfamouspoemisTheRapeoftheLock,firstpublishedin1712,witharevisedversionpublishedin
6、1714.Itisa mock-heroic narrativepoem,whichsatirisesahigh-societyquarrelbetweenArabellaFermor(the"Belinda"ofthepoem)and LordPetre,whohadsnippedalockofhairfromherheadwithoutherpermission. Thesatiricalstyleistempered,however,byagenuineandalmostvoyeuristicinterestinthe"beau-monde
7、"(fashionableworld)of18th-centuryEnglishsociety.Therevisedandextendedversionofthepoembroughtmoreclearlyintofocusitstruesubject-theonsetofacquisitiveindividualismandasocietyofconspicuousconsumers. Intheworldofthepoempurchasedartefactsdisplacehumanagency,and'trivialthings'assum
8、edominance.
