英语和美语区别.ppt

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1、CharacteristicsofAmericanEnglishCharacteristicsofAmericanEnglish1.Creativeness2.Conservativeness3.Heterogeneity(多相性)4.RelativeUniformityinSpeech5.PopularityofSlang6.PreferenceforBigWords7.VerboseandPlainStyleinWriting8.VulgarityandCasualness9.SimplicityinWord-formCreativity

2、1.在旧词的基础上，自由运用词缀或者运用拼缀法(blending)和逆生法(backformation)来创造新词。e.g.debugdefogsmogbrunchcomefrom“smoke”and“fog”comefrom“breakfast”and“lunch”Creativity2.创造一些根本不存在的新词。e.g.pizzazzcineramaskyscraper(informal)alivelyandexcitingqualityorstyleawide-screenpresentationoffilmsaverytallbuil

3、dinginacityConservativeness美式英语是在17世纪英格兰所用的语言，即莎士比亚、弥尔顿、班扬时期所用的语言基础上发展起来的。与现在标准的伦敦英语相比，美式英语具有古老性。其主要表现在用词方面。e.g.mad(angry)Hewasmadaboutlosingthechance.guess(suppose/believe/think)Iguessyouarewrong.另外，美式英语的语音和标准的伦敦音相比，也有点老式，具有17和18世纪英国英语的特点。PopularityofSlang在美式英语中，最贴近人们生活和最能

4、反映平民要求与社会生活特征的是俚语。俚语的风格新颖时髦，不落俗套，生动诙谐，表达多样。e.g.tobadmouthdismissexhaustedtocriticizegivesb.theairpoopedoutPopularityofSlang不同的社会群体往往有自己特定的生活圈，因此不同的阶层和地区有各自不同的俚语。CollegeSlange.g.Heisjustabooker.(Hestudiestoomuch.)You'reoutofyourtree.(You'reoutofyourmind.)为了赶时髦，俚语常常更新，从而有大量的同

5、义词出现。e.g.moneyTVsetdough/jack/peanuts/beanstelly/thebox/idiotbox/theoneeyedmonsterTosumup,asthenumbersandpowerofAmericanspeakersofEnglishgrew,sotheUSbegantobeanindependentcenterfortheglobaldiffusionoftheEnglishlanguage.TheemergenceofAmericanEnglishwascloselyrelatedtosocialc

6、ustomsandnationalcharacters.ThisuniquenessmakesitpossibleforAmericanEnglishtothriveandtoinnovate.DifferencesbetweenAmEandBrEAmericanEnglishandBritishEnglisharethetwoforemostvarietiesoftheEnglishlanguageandserveasreferencenormsforothervarieties.Theyhaveoftenbeencomparedandco

7、ntrasted.Nevertheless,itistruethatAmericanandBritishEnglish,intheirspokenforms,arerarelymutuallyproblematic.DifferencesinpronunciationDifferencesinspellingDifferencesinvocabularyandidiomDifferencesingrammarDifferencesinpronunciationWordCarTiresomeFastFogFragileBrEAmE[kɑ:][k

8、ɑr][ˈtaɪəsəm][ˈtaɪərsəm][fɑ:st][fæst][fɒg][fɔ:g][ˈfrædʒaɪl][ˈfrædʒl]Differencesins