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1、英美文学复习材料JefferyChaucerFather/founderofEnglishPoetryMajorworks:TheRomauntoftheRose《玫瑰传奇》TheParliamentofFowls《百鸟议会》TroilusandCriseyde《特鲁伊罗斯和克里塞德》TheLegendofGoodWomen《好女人传》TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》TheCanterburyTalesThestoryofagroupofthirtypeoplewhotravelaspilgrimstoCanterbury.Arich,tapestry(
2、织锦)ofmedievalsociallifecombiningelementsofallclasses,fromnoblestoworkers,frompriestsandnunstodrunkardsandthieves.LondondialectTheGeneralPrologueconsistsofcharactersketchesofeachmemberofthegroupthatisgoingtoCanterbury.TheCanterburyTalesSomeofthecharactersTheKnight:thefirststorytellerThePrior
3、ess女修道院副院长TheMerchantTheWifeofBath巴斯妇:thefirstfemalefigureinBritishliteraturePoorPriestWilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)RenaissanceMeaning:rebirthorrevivalTime:beganinthe14thcentury,endinthe17thcentury.Place:beganinItaly,laterspreadtoFrance,SpainandEngland.AkeeninterestintheGreekandLatinculture
4、;theartandscienceofancientGreeceandRomewerebeingbornagainafterlongyearsofneglect.Essence:humanismWilliamShakespeareWorks37plays2longnarrativepoems154sonnetsWilliamShakespeareDrama:Tragedies-Hamlet,Macbeth,KingLear,Othello,RomeoandJulietComedies-AsYouLikeIt,TheMerchantsofVenice,MuchAdoAboutN
5、othing,AMidsummerNight’sDream,TheTamingoftheShrew,TwelfthNightHistories-HenryIV,HenryV,HenryVI,HenryVIII,RichardIII,Romances/tragicomedies:Cymbeline,TheTempestRomeoandJulietCharacters:TheMontagues/TheCapuletsPlotThemeActII,SceneIIThebalconysceneOneoftheromanticpeaksoftheplay.Inthisscene,Rom
6、eohasemployedthreecomparisonstoexpresshisadmirationforJuliet:thesun,twinklingstars,abrightangel.WilliamShakespeare:SonnetAsonnetisalyricinvariablyoffourteenlines,usuallyiniambicpentameter五音步抑扬格,restrictedtoadefiniterhymescheme韵律.Threetypesofsonnet1)Petrarchansonnet(彼特拉克体/意大利十四行诗)2)Spenseria
7、nSonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗）3)ShakespearianSonnet（莎士比亚/英国体十四行诗ShakespearianSonnet3quatrains+acoupletababcdcdefefggSonnet18“ShallIcomparetheetoasummer’sday?”Theme:Anicesummerdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.ThusShakespeareexpresseshisfaithint
