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1、英美文学复习材料1.JefferyChaucer(1340-1400)Father/founderofEnglishPoetrywasburiedin“poet’scorner”inWestminsterAbbeyMajorworks:TheRomauntoftheRose《玫瑰传奇》TheParliamentofFowls《百鸟议会》TroilusandCriseyde《特鲁伊罗斯和克里塞德》TheLegendofGoodWomen《好女人传》TheCanterburyTales《坎特伯雷故事集》TheCanterburyTale
2、sThestoryofagroupofthirtypeoplewhotravelaspilgrimstoCanterbury.Arich,tapestry(织锦)ofmedievalsociallifecombiningelementsofallclasses,fromnoblestoworkers,frompriestsandnunstodrunkardsandthieves.TheCanterburyTales1.londondialect伦敦方言2.heroiccouplet英雄双韵体3.iambicpentameter五音步
3、抑扬格4.orderofwords语序5.humor,satireandirony幽默与讽刺艺术TheGeneralPrologue（总序）TheGeneralPrologueconsistsofcharactersketchesofeachmemberofthegroupthatisgoingtoCanterburyThesetting(P3-4)ThePrioress女修道院副院长(P4-5)irony反讽secular世俗的hypocritical虚伪的2.WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)Renais
4、sanceMeaning:rebirthorrevivalTime:beganinthe14thcentury,endinthe17thcentury.Place:beganinItaly,laterspreadtoFrance,SpainandEngland.AkeeninterestintheGreekandLatinculture;theartandscienceofancientGreeceandRomewerebeingbornagainafterlongyearsofneglect.Essence:humanismWil
5、liamShakespeareWorks37plays2longnarrativepoems154sonnetsWilliamShakespeareDrama:Tragedies-Hamlet,Macbeth,KingLear,Othello,RomeoandJulietComedies-AsYouLikeIt,TheMerchantsofVenice,MuchAdoAboutNothing,AMidsummerNight’sDream，TheTamingoftheShrew,TwelfthNightHistories-HenryI
6、V,HenryV,HenryVI,HenryVIII,RichardIII,Romances/tragicomedies:Cymbeline,TheTempestHamletCharacters:Hamlet,Claudius,Gertrude,Ophelia,Polonius,LaertesPlot(P10-11)ThemeActIII,SceneI“Tobeornottobe”(P11-12)Soliloquy(内心独白)（P16）WilliamShakespeare:SonnetAsonnetisalyricinvariabl
7、yoffourteenlines,usuallyiniambicpentameter五音步抑扬格,restrictedtoadefiniterhymescheme韵律.Threetypesofsonnet1)Petrarchansonnet(彼特拉克体/意大利十四行诗)2)SpenserianSonnet（斯宾塞体十四行诗）3)ShakespearianSonnet（莎士比亚/英国体十四行诗ShakespearianSonnet3quatrains+acoupletababcdcdefefggSonnet18(P14)“ShallI
8、comparetheetoasummer’sday?”Theme:Anicesummerdayisusuallytransient,butthebeautyinpoetrycanlastforever.ThusShakespearee
