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1、第26卷第2期环境科学Vol.26,No.22005年3月Mar.,2005ENVIRONMENTALSCIENCE典型地区饱和土壤中硝态氮垂直运移及拟合1,221*11邓建才,陈效民,蒋新,张佳宝,卢信(1.中国科学院南京土壤研究所土壤与农业可持续发展国家重点实验室,南京210008;2.南京农业大学资源与环境科学学院,南京210095)摘要:采用室内土柱模拟的方法,研究了封丘地区农田土壤中硝态氮垂直运移规律.结果表明:在饱和条件下,不同浓度硝-1-1+态氮溶液(100mgL、20
2、0mgL)处理的土壤,硝态氮运移的穿透曲线间无明显影响.用含有不同价态陪伴阳离子(K和2+2+Ca)的硝态氮溶液处理黄潮土0~30cm土层和风沙土,硝态氮运移的穿透曲线基本重合;而陪伴Ca硝态氮溶液处理的黄潮土30~60cm、60~90cm土层中硝态氮出流时间具有滞后效应.硝态氮溶液全部运移出土体所需时间越长,穿透曲线越平缓、峰值越低.CXTFIT20数学模型估算的稳定水流条件下饱和土壤中硝态氮淋失量具有较高精度,相关系数均达到极显著水平.关键词:封丘地区;硝态氮;垂直运移;CXTFIT20数学
3、模型中图分类号:X53文献标识码:A文章编号:0250-3301(2005)02-0200-06NitrateVerticalTransportandSimulatingModelinSaturatedSoilsinTypicalRegion1,22111DENGJian-cai,CHENXiao-min,JIANGXin,ZHANGJia-bao,LUXin(StateKeyLaboratoryofSoilandSustainableAgriculture,InstituteofSoilSci
4、ence,ChineseAcademyofSciences,Nanjing210008,China;2.CollegeofResourceandEnvironmentalScience,NanjingAgricultureUniversity,Nanjing210095,China)Abstract:Bysimulatingsoilcolumninlaboratory,thenitrateverticaltransportcharacteristicsinfarmlandsoilinFengqureg
5、ionofHenanProvincewerestudied.Theresultsshowthat,undersaturatedsoilcondition,thedifferentconcentrationsofnitrate(100-1-1mgL、200mgL)hadnoobviousinfluenceonthebreakthroughcurves(BTCs)ofnitrateverticaltransport.Whenthesoil+2+columnswereelutedbynitratesol
6、utioncontainingco-existingcations(KandCa),theBTCsofnitrateverticaltransportinthetopsoil(0~30cm)ofyellowfluvo-aquicsoilandaeoliansandysoilwereverysimilar.However,theoutflowtimeofnitrateinthemid-dleandbottomsoillayersintheyellowfluvo-aquicsoilwassignifica
7、ntlyextended,whenthesoilcolumnswereelutedbynitratesolu-2+tioncontainingCa.Thelongertheoutflowtimeofnitratetransportoutofsoilcolumnwas,theevenerandlowerthepeakoftheBTCswas.Themathematicalmodel,CXTFIT20,couldbeappliedtoaccuratelyestimatenitrateleachingma
8、ssinthesaturatedsoilwithsteady-stateflowcondition.ThefittedBTCswereingoodagreementwiththeobservedBTCs,whichhadhighcorrelativecoef-ficients(08594~09978).Keywords:Fengqiuregion;nitrate;verticaltransport;CXTFIT20model自从20世纪60年代
