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1、TYPESOFCOMPUTERSANJEEV.K.G·BrilliantManmadeMachinesTheideaforthecomputerbeganwithpeoplewhowantedaneasierwaytocalculatenumbers.Inbetween1000BCand500BC,theabacuswasinvitedinBabylonia,andthismadecalculatingsimpler.ItisactuallyacalculatormadeofstringsandbeadsThefirstautomaticcalculatorw
2、asinventedin1642byBlaisePascal.However,noneofdevisesshouldbecomparedtoacomputerbecausetheycouldbeprogrammed.Acomputermustnotonlycalculateautomatically,butitshouldalsobepossibletoprogrammeit.Thefirststepinthisdirectionwastakenin1801whenJosephMarieJacquardinventedapunchcardthatcouldbe
3、usedforweaving.Thecardmadesurethatthethreadswentthroughintherightorder.Thisisimportant,becausecomputersusecodesinordertowork.By1883,CharlesBabbageinventedthemajorpartsofthemechanical17/17computer.17/17DIFFERENTTYPESOFCOMPUTERS;Past,Present,Future·COLOSSUSCOMPUTERTheColossuswasagiant
4、computerbuildbyBritishSecretServiceduringWorldWarII.ItwasbuildbyanengineercalledTommyFlowers,andusedvacuumtubestoperformthecalculations.ColossuscomputerswereusedbytheBritishtobreaktheGermancodes.Theyweretheworld’sfirstprogrammable,digital,electronic,computingdevices.·Z3COMPUTERSTheZ
5、3computerwasbuildbyKonradZuse,between1936and1941,inGermany.Itwasfirstreliable,freelyprogrammable,workingcomputerintheworld,andwascompletelyconstructedfrom2000relays.TheZ3containedalmostallofthefeaturesofmoderncomputer.ThesuccessofZuse’sZ3isoftenattributedtoitsuse17/17ofthesimplebina
6、rysystem–thatis,allthedataisstoredintheformofjust2numbers,0and1.17/17·HARVARDMARK-IManyconsiderthatthemoderncomputereracommencedwiththefirstlarge-scaleautomaticdigitalcomputer,whichwasdevelopedbetween1939and1944.Thisdevice,thebrainchildofHarvardgraduateHoward.H.Aiken,wascommonlyrefe
7、rredtoastheHarvardMark–Iwasconstructedoutofswitches,relays,rotatingshafts,andclutches,andwasdescribedassoundinglikea‘roomfulofladiesknitting.’Themachinecontainedmorethan750,000components,was15meterlong,2.4metertall,andweighedapproximately5tons.·ATANASOFF–BERRYCOMPUTERSTheAtanasoff–B
8、erryComputerwasthew
