语料库语言学：语料库的种类typesofcorpora.ppt

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1、TypesofcorporaGeneralvs.specializedcorporaWrittenvs.spokencorporaSynchronicvs.diachroniccorporaMonolingualvs.multilingualcorporaComparablevs.parallelcorporaNativevs.learnercorporaSamplevs.monitorcorporaRawvs.annotatedcorpora…Generalvs.specializedcorpo

2、raGeneralcorpora(通用语料库)orreferencecorpora(参考语料库):awidecoverageofdifferenttextcategoriesorregisters;representslanguageforgeneralpurposes.usu.:verylarge,millionsofwords.E.g.BritishNationalCorpus(BNC),BankofEnglish(BOE).specializedcorpora(专用语料库):textsfro

3、maparticularvarietyofalanguage,e.g.fromaparticulardialectorfromaparticularsubjectarea.Writtenvs.spokencorporaWrittencorpora（笔语语料库）:containonlywrittenmaterials.(more)Spokencorpora（口语语料库）:containtranscribedtextsofspokenlanguage.(less)Synchronicvs.diachr

4、oniccorporaSynchroniccorpora（共时语料库）:materialsfromaspecificperiodoftime.Diachroniccorpora（历时语料库）：materialsoveralongerperiodoftime.Monolingualvs.multilingualcorporaMonolingualcorpora（单语语料库）：textsinonelanguage.Multilingualcorpora（多语语料库）：textsinseveraldif

5、ferentlanguages.Comparablevs.parallelcorporaComparablecorpora（可比语料库）：textsfromtwoormorelanguageswhicharesimilaringenre,topic,registeretc.without,however,containingthesamecontent.Parallelcorpora（平行语料库）(translationcorpora)（翻译语料库）：acorpusoforiginaltextsi

6、nonelanguageandtheirtranslationsintoanother(orseveralotherlanguages)。探索“同一内容是如何用两种语言表达的”。Nativevs.learnercorporaNativespeaker’scorpora（本族语语料库）:textsfromnativespeakers.Learnercorpora（学习者语料库）:textsfromlanguagelearners.Samplevs.monitorcorporaSamplecorpor

7、a(样本语料库)：asopposedtoamonitorcorpus,asamplecorpusisoffinitesizeandconsistsoftextsegmentsselectedtoprovideastaticpictureoflanguageMonitorcorpora(监控语料库)：monitorlanguagechange.Itisregularlyupdatedandopen-ended.Rawvs.annotatedcorporaRawcorpora（生语料库）：inraws

8、tatesofplaintext;withoutannotationsAnnotatedcorpora（标注语料库）：someexternalinformationisaddedtoacorpus.e.g.informationidentifyingtheoriginandnatureofthetext;taggingtoshowthewordclassofeachword;parsingtoshowthesentencestructureandthefunctionofdiffe