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1、定语从句的考点讲解一.定语从句的功用和结构在复合句中，修饰某一名词或代词的从句叫做定语从句。被定从句修饰的词叫做先行词。定语从句必须放在先行词之后。引导定语从句的关联词有关系代词和关系副词。（n./pron.+引导词+从句）例如：Thisisthepresentthathegavemeformybirthday.Doyouknoweverybodywhocametotheparty?IstillrememberthenightwhenIfirstcametothevillage?ThisistheplacewhereChairmanMaoo
2、ncelived.二.引导词先行词引导词充当从句的...人Who(+v.)主，宾人Whom（+主+v...)宾物which主，宾人/物that主，宾人/物Whose(=ofwhom/ofwhich)定时间词When(=in/onwhich)状地点词Where(=in/atwhich)状reasonWhy(=forwhich)状三.各个关系代词（who,whom,which,that,whose)和关系副词(when,where,why)的具体用法1.who指人，在定语从句中作主语。例如：Thepersonwhobrokethewindowm
3、ustpayforit.Theboywhoiswearingtheblackjacketisveryclever.2.whom指人，在定语从句中作宾语。例如：Doyouknowtheyoungman(whom)wemetatthegate？MrLee(whom)youwanttoseehascome.3.whose指人，在定语从句中作定。语例如：Thegirlwhosemotherisillisstayingathometoday.4.which指物，在定语从中作主语或宾语。例如：Adictionaryisabookwhichgivesth
4、emeaningofwords.Hereisthebook(which)theteachermentionedyesterday.5.that多指物，有时也指人，在定语从句中作主语或宾语。例如：I’vereadthenewspaperthat(which)carriestheimportantnews.Whoisthepersonthatisreadingthenewspaperoverthere?6.when指时间，在定语从句中作状语。例如：I’llneverforgetthetimewhenweworkedonthefarm.Hearr
5、ivedinBeijingonthedaywhenIleft.7.where指地点，在定语从句中作状语。例如：Thisisthehousewherewelivedlastyear.Thefactorywherehisfatherworksisintheeastofthecity.四.注意(1)关系代词在定语从句中作宾语时，可省略。Iknowtheboywhosefatherisaprofessor.Eg:Ilikethemusic(that/which)Icandanceto.(2)若前面已有疑问词who或which时，通常用that,而不
6、用who，which。Eg:Whowasthegirlthatcomeherelastnight.6(2)关系代词作介词的宾语时，介词可置于whom和which的前面或句末，但that不可直接放在介词后，仅能将介词置于后。Eg:Thisisthehouseinwhichhelives.(√)Thisisthehouseinthathelives(×)Thisisthehousethat/whichhelivesin.(√)五.具体使用时还要注意下列问题：1.只能使用that,不用which的情况：(1)先行词是all,few,little,
7、nothing,everything,anything等不定代词时。例如：Allthathesaidistrue.(2)先行词被only,no,any,all,等词修饰时。例如：Heistheonlyforeignerthathasbeentothatplace.(3)先行词是序数词或被序数词修饰的词。例如：Hewasthesecond(person)thattoldmethesecret.(4)先行词是形容词最高级或被形容词最高级修饰的词。Thisisthebestbook(that)Ihavereadthisyear.(5)先行词既包括
8、人又包括物时。例如：Hetalkedaboutthepeopleandthethingsheremembered.2.只能用which，不用that的情况：(1)在非限制性定语从
