资源描述：
《曼德拉 人物简介 英语课件.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、NelsonMandelaNelsonMandelawasborninTranskei,(特兰斯凯)SouthAfricaonJuly18,1918.HisfatherwasaChief(酋长)ofatribe．Mandelahasstrongcharacterevenfromhewasachildandheadvocatesnationalherovueymuch．Astheoldestsoninhisfamily,Mandelawasappointedasthesuccessorofthetribe,butherefusedthat．Hesaidhewouldneveradomi
2、nateatribe,whichwasunderoppressed,withacheifidentify．Hewantedtothrowhimselfintothecareerofthenationalliberation．MandelahimselfwaseducatedatUniversityCollegeofFortHareandtheUniversityofWitwatersrand（威特沃特斯兰德大学）andqualifiedinlawin1942.HejoinedtheAfricanNationalCongress（非洲人国民大会简称ANC）in1944andwaseng
3、agedinresistanceagainsttherulingNationalParty‘sapartheidpolicies（种族隔离政策）after1948.AfterthebanningoftheANCin1960,MandelaarguedforthesettingupofamilitarywingwithintheANC．InJune1961,hebecamethecommander(总司令)ofthemilitaryorganization．Becauseofhispoliticalactivity,hewentontrialfortreason（叛国罪）in1956-
4、1961．In1962,mandelawasarrestedandsentencedtofiveyears'imprisonmentwithhardlabour．In1963,whenmanyfellowleadersoftheANCandthemilitaryorganizationwerearrested,Mandelawasbroughttostandtrialwiththemforplotting（密谋）tooverthrowthegovernmentbyviolence.Hisstatementfromthedock(被告席)receivedconsiderableinte
5、rnationalpublicity.OnJune12,1964,mandelawassentencedtolifeimprisonment(终身监禁).From1964to1982,hewasincarcerated(关押)atRobbenIslandprison,offcapeTown;thereafter,hewasatpollsmoorprison,nearbyonthemainland.Hestayedintheprisonfor27yeasandheconsistentlyrefusedtocompromisewithhispoliticalpositiontoobtai
6、nhisfreedom.Becauseheneverchanghisstrongmind,whichistobuildannew,equalandfreeSouthAfrica.Duringhisyearsinprison,mandela'sreputationgrewsteady.Hebecameapotentsymbolofresistanceastheanti-apartheidmovement.Atlast,hewasreleasedonFebruary18,1990.Afterhisrelease,heplungedhimselfintohislife'scareer.In
7、1991,atthefirstnationalconferenceoftheANCheldinsideSouthAfrica,hewaselectedPresidentoftheANC.In1994,theANCwonthegeneralelection,mandelabecamethefirstBlackPresidentinthehistoryofSouthAfrica.Inhislifetime,hewonnearly100awards.In1993
