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1、北京外国语大学2005年硕士研究生入学考试基础英语试卷Pleasewritealltheanswersontheanswersheets.TimeLimit：3hoursI.ReadingComprehensionThissectioncontainstwopassages.Readeachpassageandthenanswerthequestionsgivenattheendofit.YouranswersmustbeinEnglish.PassageOneCriticsandsupportersoftheUnitedNat
2、ionshavesometimesseemedworldsapart.Butsincelastyear,almostallofthem,whethermultilateralistorunilateralist,AmericanorEuropean,havecometoagreethattheorganizationisincrisis.Thisweek,ablue.ribbonpanelcommissionedbythebody5ssecretary-general.KofiAnnan,releaseditsreportonw
3、hattodoaboutit.TheUN'ssonystatebecamemostobviouswiththeIraqwar.ThosefavoringthewarwerefuriousthatafteradecadeofSecurityCouncilresolutions,includingthelast-chanceResolution1441threateninguseriousconsequencesifIraqdidnotproveitsdisarmament,theUNcouldnotagreetoact.Anti・
4、wartypeswerejustasfrustratedthattheworldbodyfailedtostopthewa匚ButIraqwasnottheUN'sonlyproblem.lthasdonelittletostophumanitariandisasters,suchastheongoinghonorinSudan.AndithasdonenothingtostopInin'sandNorthKoreanspursuitofnuclearweapons.Recognizingthedangerofinelevanc
5、e・Mr.Annanlastyeartolda16-memberpanel,composedmainlyofformergovernmentministersandheadsofgovernment,tosuggestchanges.Thesefallbroadlyintotwocategories：theinstitutionalandthecultural.Theformerhasgotmostoftheheadlines——particularlyacallforchangingthestructureoftheSecur
6、ityCouncil.ButchangesintheUNworkingpracticesarecrucialtoo.EveryoneagreesthattheSecurityCouncilisanunrepresentativerelic:ofits15seats,fiveareoccupiedbypermanent,veto-wieldingmembers(America,Russia,China,BritainandFrance)andtengotocountriesthatrotateeverytwoyearsandha
7、venoveto.ButthatthecounciTscompositionisathrowbacktotheworldorderimmediatelyaftertheSecondWorldWarhasbeenagreedonfordecades,withoutanysuccessinchangingit.JapanandGermany,thesecond-andthird-biggestcontributorstotheUNbudget,believetheyareentitledtopermanentseats.Sodoes
8、India,theworld'ssecond-most-populouscountry,andBrazil,LatinAmerica'sbiggest.Unlikeinpreviousefforts,thesefourhavefinallybandedtoget
