石墨储能技术.doc

《石墨储能技术.doc》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在工程资料-天天文库。

1、AReviewofStoredEnergyReleaseofIrradiatedGraphiteNidiaC.Gallego1TimothyD.Burchell1MakuteswaraSrinivasan21OakRidgeNationalLaboratory2NuclearRegulatoryCommission®U.S.DEPARTMENTOFENERGY孝OakRidgeNationalLaboratoryOutline•Background一ProblemDefinition一Irradiation-induceddefectsi

2、ngraphite/Wignerenergy•Priorwork•Objectiveofthisstudy•Relevantvariables一Cumulativedoseandtemperature•Experimentalplan一CurrentgraphiteinventoryatORNL一StudymethodManagedbyUT-Battelle~fortheU.S.DepartmentofEnergy>“比“曲切RoleofGraphiteinaNuclearReactor•Neutronmoderator(carbon&g

3、raphite)一Thermalizefastneutronstosufficientlylowenergiesthattheycanefficientlyfission92U235•Neutronreflector一reflectsneutronstotheactivecore•Nucleargradegraphitehasalowneutroncapturecrosssection•WithstandhightemperaturereactoroperationI“口.rwwxFTRoleofGraphiteinNGNPHTGRs•G

4、raphiteisthereactorcorestructuralmaterial•HTGRcoresareconstructedfromgraphiteblocks•Inprismaticdesignthegraphitefuelelements「etainthenuclearfuel•Inapebblebedthegraphitereflectorstructureretainsthefuelpebbles•Thegraphitereflectorstructurecontainsverticalchannelsforreactivi

5、tycontrol•ReactivitycontrolchannelsarealsocontainedinprismaticgraphitefuelelementsManagedbyUT-Battel!efortheU.S・DepartmentofEnergyWigner(stored)energy•Wigner(stored)energyaccumulatesingraphiteunderneutronirradiationbecauseatomsaredisplacedfromtheirnormalpositionsintoconfi

6、gurationsofhigherpotentialenergyInterstitialdefectsvacancydefectsLayerplanesSub-microscopicclusterof4±2atomsDoseincreaseInterstitialloopInterstitialdiffusing"、Q丿toloopVacancyloopSchematicoflatticedefectsintroducedbyradiationingraphite丿厂(G.B.EngleandB.T.Kelly,J.Nucl.Mater.

7、,122&123(1984)122-129.)・AccumulationoftotalstoredenergyingraphiteatvariousirradiationtemperaturesSource:IAEA-TECDOC-1154Storedenergyasafunctionofirradiationtemperature•Ingraphiteirradiatedwithfastneutronsatambienttemperaturerelativelylargeamountsofenergycanbestoredaslatti

8、cedefects.•Valuesof叩to2700Jg1havebeenmeasuredingraphitewhich,ifreleasedasheatunderadiabaticcondi