数字电路英文版PPT 第二单元.ppt

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1、CHAPTER2NUMBERSYSTEMS,OPERATIONS,ANDCODES2:NUMBERSYSTEMS,OPERATIONS,ANDCODESLSB[最低位]MSB[最高位]Byte[字节]Octal[八进制]Floating-pointnumber[浮点数]Hexdecimal[十六进制]BCD[二---十进制码]Parity[奇偶性]Weight[权]Carry[进位]Remainder[余数]Quotient[商]Integer[整数]Fraction[小数]1’Complement[反码]2’Complement[补码]Format[格式]Precision[精度]Man

2、tissa[尾数]KEYTERMSAlphanumeric:Consistingofnumerals,letters,andothercharacters.ASCII:AmericanStandardCodeforInformationInterchange;themostwidelyusedalphanumericcode.BCD:Binarycodeddecimal;adigitalcodeinwhicheachofthedecimaldigits,0through9,isrepresentedbygroupoffourbits.Byte:Agroupofeightbits.Carry

3、:Thedigitgeneratedwhenthesumoftwobinarydigitsexceeds1.Complement:Theinverseoroppositeofanumber.Decimal:Describesanumbersystemwithabaseoften.Digit:Asymbolusedtoexpressaquantity.Exponent:Thepartofafloating-pointnumberthatrepresentsthenumberofplacesthatthedecimalpointistobemoved.Floating-pointnumber:

4、Anumberrepresentationbasedonscientificnotationinwhichthenumberconsistsofanexponentandamantissa.Graycode:Anunweighteddigitalcodecharacterizedbyasinglebitchangebetweenadjacentcodenumberinasequence.Hexadecimal:Describesanumbersystemwithabaseof16.Integer:Awholenumber.Leastsignificantbit(LSB):Generally

5、,theright–mostbitinabinarywholenumberorcode.Mantissa:Themagnitudeofafloating-pointnumber.Mostsignificantbit(MSB):Theleft–mostbitinabinarywholenumberorcode.Octal:Describesanumbersystemwithabaseofeight.Overflow:Theconditionthatoccurswhenthenumberofbitsinasumexceedsthenumberofbitsineachofthenumbersad

6、ded.Parity:Inrelationtobinarycodes,theconditionofevennessoroddnessofthenumberof1sinacodegroup.Signbit:Theleft-mostbitofabinarynumberthatdesignateswhetherthenumberispositive(0)ornegative(1).Weight:Thevalueofadigitinanumberbasedonitspositioninthenumber.Youarefamiliarwiththedecimalnumbersystembecause

7、youusedecimalnumberseveryday.Althoughdecimalnumbersarecommonplace,theirweightedstructureisoftennotunderstood.§2.1DECIMALNUMBERSInthissection,thestructureofdecimalnumbersisreviewed.Thisreviewwillhelpmoreeasilyunde