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1、Mencius孟子(英文版)Mencius(Selections)TranslatedbyCharlesMuller,TōyōGakuenUniversityUpdated:August14,2003TableofContents1A.KingHuiofLiang(partone)1B.KingHuiofLiang(parttwo)2A.KungSunCh'ou(partone)公孫丑上3A.T’engWengKung(partone)3B.T’engWengKung(parttwo)4A.LiLou(partone)離婁上4B.LiLou(parttwo
2、)離婁下6A.KaoTzu(partone)吿子上6B.KaoTzu(parttwo)吿子下7A.ChinHsin(partone)盡心上7B.ChinHsin(parttwo)盡心下1A.KingHuiofLiang(partone)孟子見梁惠王。王曰,「叟,不遠千里而來,亦將有以利吾國乎?」孟子對曰,「王何必曰利?亦有仁義而已矣。」「王曰:『何以利吾國?』大夫曰:『何以利吾家?』士庶人曰:『何以利吾身?』上下交征利,而國危矣!萬乘之國弑其君者,必千乘之家;千乘之國,弑其君者,必百乘之家。萬取千焉,千取百焉,不爲不多矣;苟爲後義而先利,不奪不饜。」「未有
3、仁而遺其親者也,未有義而後其君者也。」「王亦曰仁義而已矣,何必曰利?」[1A:1]MenciuswenttoseeKingHuiofLiang.TheKingsaid:"Mygoodman,sinceyouhaven'tthoughtonethousandlitoofartocomeandseeme,mayIpresumethatyouhavesomethingwithwhichIcanprofitmykingdom?"Menciussaid:"Whymustyouspeakofprofit?WhatIhaveforyouisHumanenessandRi
4、ghtness,andthat'sall.Ifyoualwayssay'howcanIprofitmykingdom?'yourtopofficerswillask,'howcanweprofitourclans?'Theelites(shi)1andthecommonpeoplewillask:'Howcanweprofitourselves?'Superiorsandinferiorswillstruggleagainsteachotherforprofit,andthecountrywillbeinchaos.""Inakingdomoftentho
5、usandchariots,themurdererofthesovereignisusuallyfromaclanofonethousandchariots.Inathousand-chariotkingdom,themurdererofthesovereignisusuallyfromaclanofonehundredchariots.Now,tohaveathousandintenthousand,oronehundredinathousandisnotreallyallthatmuch.Butifyouputdue-givinglastandprof
6、itfirst,noonewillbesatisfiedunlesstheycangrabsomething.""Therehasneverbeenahumanemanwhoneglectedhisparents,andtherehasneverbeenajustmanwhoputhisprincelastinhispriorities.King,can'twelimitourconversationtohumanenessanddue-giving?Whymustwediscussprofit?"梁惠王曰:「寡人之於國也,盡心焉耳矣!河內凶,則移其民於河
7、東,移其粟於河內;河東凶亦然。察鄰國之政,無如寡人之用心者;鄰國之民不加少,寡人之民不加多:何也?」孟子對曰:「王好戰,請以戰喩。填然鼓之,兵刃旣接,棄甲曳兵而走,或百歩而後止,或五十歩而後止;以五十歩笑百歩,則何如?」曰:「不可。直不百歩耳,是亦走也!」曰:「王如知此,則無望民之多於鄰國也。」「不違農時,穀不可勝食也;數罟不入洿池,魚鼈不可勝食也;斧斤以時入山林,材木不可勝用也;穀與魚鼈不可勝食,材木不可勝用,是使民養生喪死無憾也;養生喪死無憾,王道之始也。」「五畝之宅,樹之以桑,五十者可以衣帛矣;雞豚狗彘之畜,無失其時,七十者可以食肉矣;百畝之田,勿奪
8、於時,數口之家可以無饑矣;謹庠序之教,申之以孝悌之義,頒白者不負戴
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