医学英语-英文版讲课PPT--呼吸系统--宁夏医科大学.ppt

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1、RespiratorySystem王雪源苏彤王浩浩苏涛涛王静马维平马欣马阳马喜玲马永强StructureFunction*Knownasthethroatregion*ItisanareainwhichbothairandfoodpassthroughpharynxStructureFunction*AlsocalledtheAdam’sapple*orvoicebox*2pairsofvibratingmembranes*Humansusethelarynxasavoiceboxwhichconta

2、insvocalcordsthatvibrateandproducesoundasairpassesthroughLarynx*AKA:windpipe**Keptopenbyringsofcartilage**LinedwithaciliatedmucusmembraneBreathingtube(Onecigaretteparalyzestheciliafor20minutes)Trachea*Tracheadividesintotwomajordivisionsknownasbronchi**a

3、lsocontaincartilagerings***Thebronchisubdividemanytimesformingsmallertubulesknownasbronchioles*TwotubesairleadingtothelungsBronchiBronchiolesAlveoliStructureFunction*Lackcartilagerings**Tinybronchiolessubdivideandterminate(end)withstructuresknownasalveo

4、li*SmallestairtubeswithinthelungsBronchiolesStructureFunction*thin,(likecapillaries)*moist*surroundedbycapillaries*gasexchangebetweenthelungandtheblood**increasesurfaceareaforgasexchange***O2diffusesintothebloodfromthealveoliandCO2andwaterdiffuseoutofth

5、ebloodandintothealveoliAlveoli(I)BreathingProcessLungsarehighlyelastic(stretchable)BreathingiscontrolledbythemedullaMovementofthediaphragmandribcagecausespressurechangeinthechestcavitywhichmovesairintoandoutofthelungsThebreathingrateiscontrolledbythecon

6、centrationofCO2inthebloodWhenyoubreathyouareinhalingandexhaling….Inhalation=O2(oxygen)entersthebodysystemExhalation=CO2(carbondioxide)ispassedoutofthebody(II)TheMechanicsofBreathingAirinhaledDiaphragmRibcagerisesAirexhaledDiaphragmRibcagelowersInhalatio

7、nExhalation(III)GasExchangeTheexchangeofoxygenandcarbondioxidebetweentheatmosphereandtheblood.ExternalRespirationTheexchangeofoxygenandcarbondioxidebetweenthebloodandthecellsofthebody.internalrespirationcellularrespirationOxygentransportHemoglobinbindst

8、ooxygenthatdiffusesintothebloodstream.CarbondioxidetransportCarbondioxidecandissolveinplasma,andabout70%formsbicarbonateions.Somecarbondioxidecanbindtohemoglobinfortransport.(IV)DiseasesoftheRespiratorySystemAsthmaEmphysemaWhatis