新东方英语语法之不定式.ppt

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1、不定式不定式2021/10/1不定式的句法功能1.作主语.不定式作主语时常把it放在句首作形式主语,而将不定式移到谓语后面.e.g.Tocompletethe24-storiedbuildingin10monthswasagreatachievement.(=Itwasagreatachievementtocompletethe24-storiedbuildingin10months.)2021/10/1*不定式的逻辑主语（for/of+代词/名词）但意义有所差别*Itwasbraveofhimtodivefromthecliff.(=Hewasbravetodive

2、fromthecliff.)*Itisnecessaryforyoutolistentootherpeople’sadvice.(=Itisnecessarythatyoulistentootherpeople’sadvice.)2021/10/12.作动词宾语1.IhopetoimprovemyEnglishgradually.2.Ipromisednottotellanyoneaboutit.3.Theyaskedhowtogettotherailwaystation.2021/10/1*后接不定式作宾语的常用动词：affordagreeaskattemptbeg

3、bothercarechooseclaimconsentdecidedemanddesireexpectfailfearhesitateintendplanmeanintendmanage2021/10/1neglectlearnpreferpretendofferpledge=vow（起誓）preparerefuseresolvedeterminethreatenundertakevolunteerwish2021/10/13.作宾语补足语*Hismotheradvisedhimnottogooutatnight.adviseallowaskcausecommand

4、forcecompelenabledetermineencourageexpectinforminviteobligepermitpersuaderemindrequestrequireexpectsuppose2021/10/1*下列动词常接不带to的不定式感官动词seefeelhearwatchnotice使动动词haveletmake2021/10/14.作后置定语*IneverthinkthatIcangettheopportunitytoworkabroadoneday.2021/10/1*由only,last,next,first序数词或形容词最高级修饰的

5、名词Heisalwaysthelastonetoleavetheoffice.Idon’tthinkheisthebestmantodothejob.2021/10/15.作表语主语含do的一定形式时,作表语的不定式可以省去to也可保留Whatwe’lldois(to)talkClassTwointoafootballmatch.Allhedidwas(to)makeotherswork.Thethingtodois(to)cleartheroad.Thebusbrokedown.Theonlythingwecoulddowas(to)walkthere.2021/

6、10/16.作表语补足语：Thewaterisunfittodrink.Anniseasytogetalongwith.2021/10/17.作目的状语Hestoppedtwice,andleanedonhiscanetorest.*扩展短语Hemovedtothefrontrowsoastohearthespeakerbetter.Thepassengerspushedeachotheratthedoorinordertogetoffthebusfirst.2021/10/18.作结果状语Hereturnedhomeafterthelongjourneyonlyto

7、findthathishousehadbeenbrokeninto.2021/10/19.不定式短语和其所修饰的词有时有动宾关系Manstillhasalottolearn.Hereisaletterforyoutotype.Therearechildrentolookafterandabighousetotakecareof.注意:不定式后面不能再带宾语.2021/10/1