新编简明英语语言学教程 第二版 戴炜栋10 Language Acquisition.ppt

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1、Chapter10LanguageacquisitionLanguageacquisition----referstothechild’sacquisitionofhismothertongue,i.e.howthechildcomestounderstandandspeakthelanguageofhiscommunity.TheoriesofchildlanguageacquisitionAbehaviorist(行为主义者）viewoflanguageacquisition(Skinners)Aninnatist（语法天生主义者）viewoflanguageac

2、quisition(Chomsky)Aninteractionist（互动主义者）viewoflanguageacquisitionAbehavioristviewoflanguageacquisitionTraditionalbehavioristsviewlanguageasbehaviorandbelievethatlanguagelearningissimplyamatterofimitationandhabitformation.ImitationRecognitionReinforcementachildimitatesthesoundspeople

3、recognizethechild’sattemptspeoplereinforcetheattemptsbyrespondingdifferentlyTheinadequacyofbehavioristviewliesinexplaininghowchildrenacquirecomplexlanguagesystem.AninnatistviewoflanguageacquisitionAccordingtotheinnatistviewoflanguageacquisition,humanbeingsarebiologicallyprogrammedforla

4、nguageandthatthelanguagedevelopsinthechildjustasotherbiologicalfunctionssuchaswalking.AninteractionistviewoflanguageacquisitionTheinteractionistviewholdsthatlanguagedevelopsasaresultofthecomplexinterplaybetweenthehumancharacteristicsofthechildandtheenvironmentinwhichthechilddevelops.Int

5、egratedwiththeinnatistview,theinteractionistfurtherclaimsthatthemodifiedlanguagewhichissuitableforthechild’scapabilityiscrucialinhislanguageacquisition.(motherese保姆式语言)Cognitivedevelopmentinchildlanguagedevelopment1)     Languagedevelopmentisdependentonboththeconceptschildrenformaboutth

6、eworldandwhattheyfeelstimulatedtocommunicateattheearlyandlaterstagesoftheirlanguagedevelopment.(theacquisitionofperfecttense)2)     Thecognitivefactorsdeterminehowthechildmakessenseofthelinguisticsystemhimselfinsteadofwhatmeaningsthechildperceivesandexpresses.(P.146theacquisitionofnegat

7、iveform)Languageenvironment&thecriticalperiodhypothesisTwoimportantfactors:thelinguisticenvironmentchildrenareexposedtoandtheagetheystarttolearnthelanguage.(P.147Victor12;Genie13.5)Inbehavioristapproach,languageenvironmentplaysamajorroleinprovidingbothlanguagemodelstobeimitate