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1、第10讲非谓语动词tolistenwatchinggoinghaving一、用所给单词的适当形式填空1.Ourparentstellus__________(listen)carefullyinclass.2.Iprefer_________(watch)TVathometo________(go)outonsucharainyday.openingnottohang3.Howabout________(have)apartythisweekend?4.Wouldyoumind________(open)thedoorforme?5.Wehave
2、decided___________(nothang)outafterschool.二、完成句子,每空一词tofinish1.Ittookmetwohours________________(完成)mymathhomeworklastnight.tolearnhowtodrive2.Itisdifficult________________________________________(学习如何开车).indoing3.Theyhavemanydifficulties________________(做)thehardjob.whattodo4
3、.Wedon'tknow________________________(该干什么)next.stoppedcrying5.Thelittleboy____________________(停止哭泣)andlaughedagain.动词不定式在句中的作用1.作宾语(1)常接动词不定式作宾语的动词有:want,hope,wish,plan,decide,learn,agree,try等。如:Iwanttoplaybasketballthisweekend.这个周末我想打篮球。Theboydecidedtogetupearlythenextday.男
4、孩决定第二天早点起床。后接不定式作宾语的动词:三个希望两答应(hope,wish,want,agree,promise),一个要求莫拒绝(demand,refuse),设法学会做决定(manage,learn,decide),不要假装在选择(pretend,choose)。(2)在常用句型“find/think+it+adj.+todosth.”中,it作形式宾语,动词不定式作真正的宾语,放在宾语补足语(adj.)后面。如:Ifinditgreattowalkalongsuchabeautifulriver.我发现沿着这么漂亮的河边散步真是太棒了
5、。2.作宾语补足语在复合宾语中,动词不定式可充当宾语补足语。常接动词不定式作宾语补足语的动词有:want,wish,tell,ask,teach,encourage,invite,allow,urge等。如:Mymotherwantsmetobeateacher.我妈妈想让我成为一名教师。Sheaskedthestudentstosaysomething.她让学生们说一说。3.作状语Theystaytheretowaitforthelatestnews.他们待在那里等待最新的消息。(作目的状语)Theyaretootiredtowalk.他们太累
6、了以至于走不动了。(作结果状语)4.作表语HerworkistoteachEnglish.她的工作是教英语。5.作定语(不定式必须放在被修饰的名词或代词之后)Theyhavenohousetolivein.他们无房子可住。6.作主语(常用it作形式主语,而往往将动词不定式后置)Ittakesushourstodoourhomeworkeveryday.我们每天要花上数小时做家庭作业。It'snoteasytolearnaforeignlanguagewell.学好一门外语不容易。动词不定式基本用法:不定式有标记,to与动原连一起;没有人称数变化,
7、动词特点它具备;主宾定补表状语,唯独作谓不可以;Not加上不定式,否定结构要牢记;疑问词与不定式,构成短语有意义;仔细推敲多思考,准确判断有依据。常见的动词不定式的省略形式1.作make(使得)/let(让,允许)/have(请)的宾语补足语的动词不定式常省略to。如:Thefunnychildmadeeveryonelaugh.这个有趣的孩子让每个人都笑了。注意:当变为被动语态时,省略的to要加上。如:Everyonewasmadetolaughbythefunnychild.每个人都被这个有趣的孩子逗笑了。2.感观动词“see/watch/n
8、otice/hear+sb.+do”强调动作的过程或经常性。如:Allofusheardhersing.我们全都听到了她唱歌。3.had