PTM 翻译后修饰.doc

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1、Post-translationalmodification(PTM)referstothecovalentandgenerallyenzymaticmodificationofproteinsafterproteinbiosynthesis.Methylation甲基化Acetylation乙酰化Glycosylation糖基化Lipidation脂化Proteolysis水解Ubiquitination泛素化Phosphorylation磷酸化Phosphorylation磷酸化Phosphoryaltionsite:

2、Serine,Threonine,andTyrosine(mainly)蛋白磷酸化由激酶催化，这一过程是可逆的功能AmplifiessignalRegulatesproteinactivityasaswitch可激活可抑制Createsnew激酶可作为药物靶点例如：imatinib（Gleevec）ABL抑制剂BindstothekinasedomainofBCR-ABLinitsactiveconformationandblocksATPbindingUbiquitination–animportantPTMThebio

3、chemistryofubiquitinationDUB:DeubiquitinatingEnzymeProcessingofUbPrecursors/ReversalofUbConjugation/EditingofUbChains/RecyclingofUbProteolysis不可逆，剪切蛋白前体，破坏蛋白骨架由protease进行水解分类：basedonthecatalyticgroupivolvedinitsactivesiteAsp,Gluprotease:水介导的亲核攻击Ser,Thr,Cysprotease

4、:三价催化蛋白水解能调节蛋白的泛素化和降解TheN-endrule:theN-terminalresidueofproteindeterminesitshalflife乙酰化大约80%的真核生物蛋白的乙酰化发生在N末端但是，通常情况下成熟蛋白的N末端并不存在蛋氨酸N-terminalacetylationiscatalyzedbyMAPandNATMAP:Methionineaminopeptidase-removalofMetNAT:N-terminalacetyltransferase