苏汝铿高等量子力学讲义(英文版)Chapter 1 Foundation.ppt

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1、QuantumMechenicsIIRu-KengSu2005.1.5Chapter1FoundationofQuantumMechanics§1.1Statevector,wavefunctionandsuperpositionofstatesThischapterevolvesfromanattemptofabriefreviewoverthebasicideasandformulaeinundergraduate-levelquantummechanics.Thedetailsofthischaptercanbefou

2、ndintheusualreferencesofquantummechanics§1.1Statevector,wavefunctionandsuperpositionofstates§1.1Statevector,wavefunctionandsuperpositionofstates§1.1Statevector,wavefunctionandsuperpositionofstates§1.2Schrödingerequationanditssolutions§1.2Schrödingerequationanditssol

3、utions§1.2Schrödingerequationanditssolutions1DSchrödingerequationInfinitepotentialwell§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsInfinitepotentialwell§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsHarmonicoscillator§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsHarmonicoscillator§1.2Schrö

4、dingerequationanditssolutionsHarmonicoscillator§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsHarmonicoscillator§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsHarmonicoscillator§1.2Schrödingerequationanditssolutions3DSchrodingerequationCentralpotential§1.2Schrödingerequationanditssol

5、utionsCentralpotential§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsCoulombpotential§1.2SchrödingerequationanditssolutionsCoulombpotential§1.3OperatorsAccordingtotheBornstatisticalinterpretation,Theprobabilityoffindingaparticleatpositionrisjustthesquareofitswavefunction§1.3

6、Operators§1.3Operators§1.3Operators§1.3Operatorspi-ih/2π▽iCartesianrectangularcoordinates1stconvention:purecoordinatepartpuremomentumpart2ndconvention:mixedpart§1.3Operators§1.3OperatorsCommutator§1.3OperatorsCommutator§1.3OperatorsCommutator§1.3OperatorsHermitiano

7、perator§1.3OperatorsEigenequation§1.3OperatorsO-representation§1.3OperatorsO-representation§1.4ApproximationmethodPerturbationindependentoftimeNon-degenerate§1.4ApproximationmethodNon-degenerate§1.4ApproximationmethodNon-degenerate§1.4ApproximationmethodDegenerate§1

8、.4ApproximationmethodDegenerate§1.4ApproximationmethodAdvantagesofthischoiceare§1.4ApproximationmethodDegeneracymayberemoved§1.4Approximat