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1、北京大学外国语学院英语系大学英语教研室“高级英语—阅读与写作”期末考试2006年12月姓名学号班级系别ReadingTaskDirections:Readthefollowingarticle,andpayspecialattentiontothesentencesorphrasesunderlined.Youwillbeaskedtoexplainthemafterreading.Eachparagraphisnumberedatitsbeginning.TheLanguageofOppressionHaigA.Bosmajia
2、n1“Sticksandstonesmaybreakmybones,butwordscanneverhurtme.”Toacceptthisadageasvalidissheerfolly.“What’sinaname?thatwhichwecallarosebyanyothernamewouldsmellassweet.”(1)TheanswertoJuliet’squestionis“Plenty!”andtoherownresponsetothequestionwecanonlysaythatthisisbynomeansi
3、nvariablytrue.Theimportance,significance,andramificationsofnaminganddefiningpeoplecannotbeoveremphasized.FromGenesisandbeyond,tothepresenttime,thepowerwhichcomesfromnaminganddefiningpeoplehashadpositiveaswellasnegativeeffectsonentirepopulations.2Themagicofwordsandname
4、shasalwaysbeenanintegralpartofboth“primitive”and“civilized”societies.AsMargaretSchlauchhasobserved,“fromtimeimmemorialmenhavethoughtthereissomemysteriousessentialconnectionbetweenathingandthespokennameforit.Youcouldusethenameofyourenemy,notonlytodesignatehimeitherpass
5、ionatelyordispassionately,butalsotoexerciseabalefulinfluence.”3Biblicalpassagesaboundinwhichnamesandnamingareendowedwithgreatpower;fromtheveryoutset,inGenesis,naminganddefiningareattributedasignificantpotency“AndoutofthegroundtheLordGodformedeverybestofthefieldandever
6、yfowloftheair;andbroughtthemuntoAdamtoseewhathewouldcallthem:andwhatsoeverAdamcalledeverylivingcreature,thatwasthenamethereof.”AmisdsttheadmonitionsinLeviticusagainsttheft,lying,andfraudisthewarning:“Andyeshallnot13swearmynamefalsely,neithershaltthouprofanethenameofth
7、yGod:IamtheLord.”Soimportantisthenamethatitmustnotbeblasphemed;thosewhocurseandblasphemeshallbestoned“andhethatblasphemedththenameoftheLord,heshallsurelybeputtodeath,and(2)allthecongregationshallcertainlystonehim.”Soimportantisthenamethatthedenialofitisconsideredaform
8、ofpunishment:“ButyearetheythatforsaketheLord,thatforgetmyholymountain…Thereforewill(3)Inumberyoutothesword,andyeshallallbowd
