中英文文献翻译-机床的发展.doc

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1、英文原文MachinefromtheearlyegyptianspedalcarsandJohnWilkinsonboringmachinedevelopment.Theyproviderigidsupportfortheworkpieceandcuttingtoolandcanpreciselycontroltheirrelativepositionandrelativevelocity.Basicallyspeaking,themetalcuttingreferstothewovenformashaip

2、entoolsfromductileworkpiecesurfacetoremoveanarrowmetal.Chipisabandonedproduct,comparedwithotherartifactschipisshorter,butnotforthethicknessofthecuttingparthavesomeincrease.Geometryonthesurfaceoftheworkpiecedependsontheshapeofthetoolandthemachiningtoolpathi

3、ntheprocessofoperation.Mostofthemanufacturingprocesstoproducedifferentgeometricshapesofparts・Ifaroughworkpieceonthecentershaftrotationandtoolcuttingsurfaceparalleltothecenterofrotation,arotatingsurfaceiscreated,thisoperationiscalledturning.Ifahollowpipeint

4、hesameway,surfaceprocessing,thisoperationiscalledboring.Whenchangingdiameterevenlyandproducedaconicalsurface,thisisknownasataperturning.Iftheradiusofcuttercontactpointtochangethemovementway,thenanoutlinelikeaballofartifactsproduced;Oriftheworkpieceisenough

5、shortandsupportisveryrigid,soformingtoolrelativetotheaxisofrotationnormalfeedcangenerateanoutersurface,shortconicalorcylindricalsurfacecanalsobeformed・Flatsurfacesareoftenneeded,theycanbythecuttingtoolrelativetotheaxisofrotationoftheradialcuttingcontactpoi

6、nt.Whenplaningforlargerartifactseasiertofixknivespositionedbelowthecuttingtoolandworkpiece.Toolcanreciprocatingteed.Formingsurfacecanbegeneratedthroughthemoldingtooling・Usingdoublegroovedrilltodrilldeepistheholediameterholeof5to10times.Bitrotationandworkpi

7、ecerotatingcuttingbladeandtherelativemotionbetweentheworkpieceisanimportantfactor.Whenmillingarotarytoolwithlotsofcuttingedgesincontactwiththeworkpiece,workpiecerelativetoolmovementslowly.Flatorformingsurfaceaccordingtotheshapeofthegeometryofthecuttingtool

8、andthewayoffeedmaybeproduced.Canproducehorizontalorverticalshaftrotateandcanprogresstoinanyofthethreecoordinatedirections.Throughavarietyofmachiningoperationsremovethenumberandspeedofthematerialsishuge,asinth