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1、LectureTwoTheEnglishRenaissance&GeneralKnowledgeofWilliamShakespeareTheRenaissanceTheRenaissance:anintellectualmovementsprangfirstinItalyinthe14thcenturyandgraduallyspreadalloverEurope.Twofeaturesarestrikingofthismovement:1)athirstingcuriosityfortheclass
2、icalliterature;2)thekeeninterestintheactivitiesofhumanity.Key-note:Humanism.TheEnglishRenaissanceTheEnglishRenaissancestretchedfromlater15thcenturytoearly17thcentury.Fromthefirsthalfofthe16thcentury,theEnglishRenaissancebegantodevelopintoafloweringoflite
3、rature.ThehighestgloryoftheEnglishRenaissanceisdrama.DramaTheformofcompositiondesignedforperformanceinthetheater,inwhichactorstaketherolesofthecharacters,performtheindicatedactionandutterthewrittendialogue.(Thecommonalternativenameforadramaticcomposition
4、isaplay.)BritishRenaissancePlaywright:1)ChristopherMarlowe(1564-1593)DoctorFaustus2）WilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)3)BenJohnson(1572-1637)whosereputationmainlyfallsinthe17thcenturyWilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)TheinexhaustibleWilliamShakespeare(1564-1616)（说
5、不完道不尽的莎士比亚）playwright,poet,actor“Hewasnotofanage,butforalltime.”——BenJohnson“ShakespeareandAeschylusarethetwogreatestdramaticgeniusestheworldhaseverknown.—CarlMarksTheBirthplaceofShakespeareStratford-on-AvonTheStatueofShakespeareShakespeare’sLiteraryWork
6、s1)Playwright:38plays(history,comedy,tragedy,tragicomedy,legends)2)poet:154sonnets,2longpoems.3)actorTheGreatTragedies:《哈姆雷特》(Hamlet,1601)《奥赛罗》(Othello,1604)《李尔王》(KingLear,1605)《麦克白》(Macbeth,1606)TheGreatComedies:《威尼斯商人》(TheMerchantofVenice,1596)《仲夏夜之梦》(
7、AMidsummerNight'sDream,1596)《第十二夜》(TwelfthNight,1600)《皆大欢喜》(AsYouLikeIt,1601)PeriodsofShakespeare’sDramaticCompositionShakespeare’scareerasadramatistmaybedividedintofourmajorphases.TheFirstPeriod(1590-1594)Thisperiodistheperiodofhisapprenticeshipinplay-w
8、riting.Works:HenryVITheComedyofErrors《错误的喜剧》/《连环错》Love’sLabor’sLost《迷失的爱》/《空爱一场》/《爱的徒劳》RomeoandJuliet,etc.TheSecondPeriod(1595-1600)Thisperiodishismatureperiod,mainlyaperiodof“greatcomedies”andmaturehistoricalplays.Itinclu
