阅读教程第二版 蒋静仪 Unit3.ppt

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1、Unit3BeautyImageCosmeticorAestheticSurgeryAestheticSurgeryinvolvestechniquesintendedforthe"enhancement"ofappearancethroughsurgicalandmedicaltechniques,andisspecificallyconcernedwithmaintainingnormalappearance,restoringit,orenhancingitbeyondtheaverageleveltowardsomeaestheticideal.In

2、2006,nearly11millioncosmeticsurgerieswereperformedintheUnitedStatesalone.ThenumberofcosmeticsproceduresperformedintheUnitedStateshasincreasedover50percentsincethestartofthecentury.Nearly12millioncosmeticsurgerieswereperformedin2007,withthefivemostcommonbeingbreastaugmentation,lipos

3、uction,nasalsurgery,eyelidsurgeryandabdominoplasty.TheincreaseduseofcosmeticsurgerycrossesracialandethniclinesintheU.S.,withincreasesseenamongAfrican-AmericansandHispanicAmericansaswellasCaucasianAmericans.InEurope,thesecondlargestmarketforcosmeticprocedures,cosmeticsurgeryisa$2.2b

4、illionbusiness.Themostprevalentaesthetic/cosmeticproceduresarelistedbelow.Mostofthesetypesofsurgeryaremorecommonlyknownbytheir"commonnames."Thesearealsolistedwhenpertinent.Abdominoplasty(or"tummytuck"):reshapingandfirmingoftheabdomenBlepharoplasty(or"eyelidsurgery"):Reshapingofthee

5、yelidsortheapplicationofpermanenteyeliner,includingAsianblepharoplastyMammoplastyBreastaugmentation("breastenlargement"or"boobjob"):Augmentationofthebreasts.Thiscaninvolveeitherfatgrafting,salineorsiliconegelprosthetics.InitiallyperformedtowomenwithmicromastiaBreastreduction:Remova

6、lofskinandglandulartissue.Indicatedtoreducebackandshoulderpaininwomenwithgigantomastiaand/orforpsychologicalbenefitinwomenwithgigantomastia/macromastiaandmenwithgynecomastia.Breastlift(Mastopexy):Liftingorreshapingofbreaststomakethemlesssaggy,oftenafterweightloss(afterapregnancy,fo

7、rexample).ItinvolvesremovalofbreastskinasopposedtoglandulartissueorscarlessSerdevsuturetechniqueButtockAugmentation(or"buttaugmentation"or"buttimplants"):Enhancementofthebuttocks.Thisprocedurecanbeperformedbyusingsiliconeimplantsorfatgraftingandtransferfromotherareasofthebody.Butto

8、cklift(or"buttlift"or"braz