美国文学thomas paine.ppt

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1、ThomasPaine(1737-1809)Lecture4ContentsLifeStoryLiteraryCareerReputationLifestoryBorninEnglandBornintoanageofrevolutionStaymaker,exciseofficer,teacherinEnglanduntil1774MetFranklininLondonLifestoryarrivedinPhiladelphiaandeditedthePennsylvaniaMagazineInvention---pe

2、rfectingthemodelofanironbridgewithoutpiersSeekrefugeinFrancediedafterayearofillnessLiterarycareerPennsylvaniaMagazine:apoliticalsatiristofgeniusMasterpieces:CommonSenseandTheAmericanCrisisOtherworks:RightsofMan;TheAgeofReason;AgrarianJusticeCommonSenseForm:pamphl

3、etArgumentforfreedomfromBritishruleTreasonagainstEngland“themostincendiaryandpopularpamphletoftheentirerevolutionaryera”CommonSenseReasonsforthepopularityPaine'snewstyleofpoliticalwritingThewaythevastmajorityofpeoplefeltabouttheideaofindependencefromBritishrule+P

4、aine's"incendiary"wordsImpact(intothewar)Paine'sargumentsagainstBritishruleInCommonSenseItwasabsurdforanislandtoruleacontinent.Americawasnota"Britishnation";itwascomposedofinfluencesandpeoplesfromallofEurope.EvenifBritainwerethe"mothercountry"ofAmerica,thatmadehe

5、ractionsallthemorehorrendous,fornomotherwouldharmherchildrensobrutally.BeingapartofBritainwoulddragAmericaintounnecessaryEuropeanwars,andkeepitfromtheinternationalcommerceatwhichAmericaexcelled.ThedistancebetweenthetwonationsmadegoverningthecoloniesfromEnglandunw

6、ieldy.IfsomewrongweretobepetitionedtoParliament,itwouldtakeayearbeforethecoloniesreceivedaresponse.TheNewWorldwasdiscoveredshortlybeforetheReformation.ThePuritansbelievedthatGodwantedtogivethemasafehaven(安全港)fromthepersecutionofBritishrule.Britainruledthecolonies

7、foritsownbenefit,anddidnotconsiderthebestinterestsofthecolonistsingoverningthem.TheAmericanCrisiswasaseriesofpamphletspublishedfrom1776to1783duringthetimesthatcolonistsneededinspiring.(sixteenpamphlets)Militaryengagementrestorationofsoldiers’moraleInspiredthesucc

8、essReputationNaturalgiftforPamphleteeringforrebellionSpurandinspireAmericanrevolutionThemostarticulatespokesmanofAmericanRevolution