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1、ChapterOneTheAnglo-SaxonPeriod(450-1066)--魏昃临HistoricalBackgroundAbout660B.C.theCeltsmigratedtotheBritishIsles.About400to330B.C.theBrythons,abranchoftheCelts,cametoBritishIslesandfromthemcamethenameBritain.From55B.C.to407A.D.theBritishwereundertheruleofRomanEmpire,whichh
2、adahighlevelofcivilization.ThefirstRomangeneralcametoBritainwasthefamousJuliusCaesar.TheRomanruledoverBritainforthreeandhalfcenturies.Theybuilttemples,roads,walls,andmilitarycamps,butmadelittleinfluencesontheculturallifeoftheCelts.MostofourknowledgeoftheRomanBritaincomes
3、fromDeBelloGalico,abookwrittenbyCaesar,andGermaniabyPubliusCorneliusTacitus(55-120A.d.).4.About450A.D.,wavesoftheAngles,Saxons,andJutesinvadedtheBritishIsles.TheAnglo-SaxonsdefeatedtheCelts,andbecamethenewmasteroftheBritishIslesandweretheancestorsofthepresentEnglishpeopl
4、e.5.About500A.D.,KingAuthur,thefounderofthekingdomofWessex,acquiredhisfamewhilestrugglingagainstCerdic.Hegatheredaroundhimthebravestofhisfollowers,whowereknownastheKnightsoftheRoundTableandfor24yearshefoughtagainsttheAnglos-Saxonsinvaders.6.AfterAnglo-Saxons’settlementin
5、Britain,theirtribalsocietygraduallydisintegratedandfeudalsocietycameintobeing.7.Inthelaterpartofthe8thcentury,theDanes,ortheVikings,cametoinvadeEngland.8.Inthesecondhalfofthe9thcentury,KingAlfredoftheWessexledtheAnglo-Saxonkingstodefeattheinvadersbyunitingtheirforces.9.N
6、ormanConquest:in1066,theNomanscamefromNomandyinnorthernFranceattackedEnglandundertheleadshipoftheDuckofNormandy.**10.In579PopeGregorytheGreatsentSt.AugustinetoEnglandtoconverttheAnglo-Saxons.Withininacentury,allEnglandwasChristianized.Churcheswereestablishedandmonksbacam
7、ethemostlearnedinthecountry.HeavensmythologywasgraduallyreplacedbyChristianReligion.PopeGregorytheGreatSt.AugustineNorthumbrianSchool & WessexLiteratureTherewere2highlightsinthedevelopmentoftheAnglo-Saxonliterature.NorthumbrianSchool&WessexLiterature1.NorthumbrianSchool1
8、.NorthumbrianSchoolItscenterwasthemonasteriesandtheabbeysinthekingdomofthenorthumbria.Relatedwiththissc
