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1、TheEnglishRenaissanceLectureOutlineFrancisBaconBiographyOfStudyJohnMiltonBiographyParadiseLostKnowledgeisthepower.---------FrancisBaconFrancisBacon(1561-1626)RepresentativeoftheEnglishrenaissance,awell-knownphilosopher,scientistandessayist.Beganhisprofessionallifeasalawyer,butbestknownasaph
2、ilosophicaladvocateanddefenderofthescientificrevolution.Establishedandpopularizedaninductivemethodologyforscientificinquiry,oftencalledtheBaconianmethod.Bacon’sImportancetoLiteratureIntroducedtheessayasaliteraryformintotheEnglishlanguage.Essay:ADefinitionArelativelyshortliterarycompositioni
3、nproseDiscussesarestrictedtopic,ortriestopersuadethereadertoacceptaparticularpointofview.OfStudiesFrancis BaconSubjectthemostfamousofhis58essays,itA.analyzeswhatstudieschieflyservefor,B.thedifferentwaysadoptedbydifferentpeopletopursuestudies,andC.howstudiesexertinfluenceoverhumancharacter.o
4、bjective,impersonal,persuasivewritingwithout“we”or“I”;goodandclearlogicalreasoning,withexamplesandfacts;classicaldiction(Latin)Glossarydisposition,性情particulars,详情；细目counsels,计划marshal,整理sloth,懒惰，懒散，迟钝affectation,虚饰，炫耀，装腔作势prune,修剪，整枝confute,证明错误，驳倒deputy,代理人，代表mean,中等的，平庸的distill,蒸馏flashy,
5、虚饰的，华美的，华丽的Glossaryconfer,商谈grave,庄重的“Abeuntstudiainmores”Latin:“凡有所学，皆成性格”nay,不但如此；否定impediment,妨碍，阻碍，障碍wrought,work的过去式和过去分词Schoolmen,经院学者cyminisector,吹毛求疵之人aptto,a.易于(动辄,有...敏捷的)defect,n.缺点Studiesservefordelight,forornament,andforability.Theirchiefusefordelight,isinprivatenessandretiring
6、;forornament,isindiscourse;andforability,isinthejudgmentanddispositionofbusiness.Forexpertmencanexecute,andperhapsjudgeofparticulars,onebyone;butthegeneralcounsels,andtheplotsandmarshallingofaffairs,comebestfromthosethatarelearned.Tospendtoomuchtimeinstudiesissloth;tousethemtoomuchfororname
7、nt,isaffectation;tomakejudgmentonlybytheirrules,isthehumourofascholar.Theyperfectnature,andareperfectedbyexperience:fornaturalabilitiesarelikenaturalplants,thatneedpruningbystudy;andstudiesthemselvesdogiveforthdirectionstoomuchatlarge,excepttheybebounded
