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《名词和名词词组.ppt》由会员上传分享，免费在线阅读，更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、名词和名词词组1名词的分类和名词词组的句法功能1）名词分类a)根据构词法分为：简单名词(SimpleNoun)复合名词(CompoundNoun)派生名词(DerivativeNoun)b)根据词汇意义分为：普通名词(CommonNoun)专有名词(ProperNoun)c)根据语法意义分为：可数名词(CountableNoun)不可数名词(UncountableNoun)2）名词词组的句法功能作主语Childrenatplayseldomrememberwhattimeitis.Theboysquarrellingo
2、verthegameeachinsistedthattheotherwasunfair.作主语补语Thatwasanunattractivelittleblackchair.Mygrandfatherdiedamartyrtohisrevolutionaryideal.作宾语Theygavehimafirst-rateeducation.Inthehall,Isawsomeextremelyvaluablepictures.作宾语补语Theyelectedhimchairmanoftheboard.TheSchoolB
3、oardhaveappointedherSuperintendentofthecity’sschools.作同位语Mr.Brown,directorofthecoalmine,shouldberesponsiblefortheaccident.Alice,aprofessorofthedepartment,willbeinvitedtoourEnglishevening.作介词的补足成分（即介词的“宾语”）Weteachersshouldbeconcernedaboutthestudents’moralculture.
4、Withinthehousenothingstirs.InthegardenIcanhearthesingingofbirds.Icanheartherustleoftheirwings.作状语和连词Hereturnedlastnight.Aphotoistakeneachtime(=whenever)thisbuttonispushed.Shephonedherparentsthemoment(=assoonas)shereachedthehotel.2名词的数数(number)指的是名词和某些限定词的单、复数形式。
5、1)规则复数与不规则复数a)规则复数情况构成方法读音例词一般情况加-s1.清辅音后读/s/;2.浊辅音和元音后读/z/map-mapsbag-bagscar-cars以s,sh,ch,x等结尾的词加-es读/iz/bus-buseswatch-watches以ce,se,ze,(d)ge等结尾的词加-s读/iz/license-licenses以辅音字母+y结尾的词变y为i再加es读/z/baby-babies其他名词复数的规则变化以y结尾的专有名词，或元音字母+y结尾的名词变复数时，直接加s变复数：如：twoMary
6、stheHenrysmonkey-monkeysholiday-holidays比较：楼层：storey-storeysstory-stories以o结尾的名词，变复数时：a.加s,如：photo-photospiano-pianosradio-radioszoo-zoosb.加es,如：potato-potatoestomato-tomatoesc.均可，如：zero-zeros/zeroes以f或fe结尾的名词变复数时：a.加s,如：belief-beliefsroof-roofssafe-safesgulf-gu
7、lfsb.去f,fe加ves，如：half-halvesknife-knivesleaf-leaveswolf-wolveswife-wiveslife-livesthief-thievesc.均可，如：handkerchief-handkerchiefs/handkerchievesb)不规则复数(p.44-45)通过内部元音变化等外来词有些外来词有两种复数，即外来复数形式和英语的规则复数形式：外来词外来复数英语复数单复同形，如:某些动物：deer,sheep,fish等。某些国家人的名称：Chinese,Japan
8、ese等附表：不同国家的人的单复数名称总称(谓语用复数)一个人两个人中国人theChineseaChinesetwoChinese瑞士人theSwissaSwisstwoSwiss澳大利亚人theAustraliansanAustraliantwoAustralians俄国人theRussiansaRussiantwoRussia
