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1、Linguafranca研1302小胖鼠和小兔兔Contents1.BriefIntroduction2.CharacteristicsofLinguafranca3.OrigionsofLinguafranca4.ExamplesofLinguaFranca5.SimilaritiesandDissimilaritiesamongPidgin,CreoleandLinguafranca6.Currentsituationoflinguafranca1.BriefIntroductionLinguafrancaisalanguageusedforcommu
2、nicationbetweendifferentgroupsofpeople,eachspeakingadifferentlanguage.2.CharacteristicsofLinguafrancaItcouldbeaninternationallyusedlanguageofcommunicationItcouldbethenativelanguageofoneofthegroupsItcouldbealanguagewhichisnotspokennativelybyanyofthegroupbuthasasimplifiedsentencestr
3、uctureandvocabularyandisoftenamixtureoftwoormorelanguage.InternationallyusedlanguageNativelanguageNonnativeandmixedlanguageLinguafranca3.OrigionsofLinguafrancaThetermlinguafranca(ItalianforFrankishtongue)originatedintheMediterraneanregionintheMiddleAgesamongcrusadersandtradersofdi
4、fferentlanguagebackgroundsinWesternAfrica,India,Kenya.ItappearedintheHolyLandaroundthe13thCentury.Piracyandnavalwarfarebroughtitinthe16thcenturytotheBarbaryCoast,whereitcametobeusedinofficialrecords,onaccountoftradecontacts.Bythe19thcentury,Europeansettlersandtheopeningofregularsc
5、hoolsthreatenedthisoncewidespreadinformaljargon.AsaninstinctiveadaptationofabasicItalian/SpanishlexicontoasimplifiedArabicsyntax,LinguaFrancadoesoccasionallyappeareventoday.4.ExamplesofLinguaFrancaLatinandGreekwerethelinguafrancasoftheRomanempire;Akkadian,andthenAramaic,remainedth
6、ecommonlanguagesofalargepartofWesternAsiathroughseveralearlierempires.Incertaincountriesthelinguafrancaisalsousedasthenationallanguage;e.g.,UrduisthelinguafrancaofPakistanaswellasthenationallanguageExamplesoflinguafrancasremainnumerous,andexistoneverycontinent.Themostobviousexampl
7、easoftheearly21stcenturyisEnglish.Therearemanyotherlinguafrancascentralizedonparticularregions,suchasArabic,Chinese,French,Portuguese,RussianandSpanish.5.SimilaritiesandDissimilaritiesamongPidgin,CreoleandLinguafrancaisasimplifiedlanguagethatdevelopsasameansofcommunicationbetweent
8、woormoregroupsthatdonothavealangu
