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1、a)Jimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpants.InflP(=S)NPVPNAuxVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsORInflP(=S)NPVPNInflVNPDetANPNCONNJimhaswashedthedirtyshirtsandpantsb)Helenputonherclothesandwentout.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVPDetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPstVPCONVPVPNPVAdvVP

2、DetNHelenputonherclothesandwentoutc)Maryisfondofliteraturebuttiredofstatistics.SNPVPNVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatisticsORInflP(=S)NPInflVPNPresVPCONVPVPNPVPNPVAPNVAPNMaryisfondofliteraturebut(is)tiredofstatistics6.Thefollowingsentencesallcontainembeddedclausesthatf

3、unctionascomplementsofaverb,anadjective,aprepositionoranoun.Drawatreestructureforeachsentence.a)YouknowthatIhatewar.SNPVPCPNVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarORCPCInflP(=S)NPInflVPCPNPresVCSNPVPNVNPNYouknowthatIhatewarb)Gerrycan’tbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexam.SNPVPNVPNPCPAuxNegVNPCSDetNNP

4、VPNVNPDetANGerrycannotbelievethefactthatAnnaflunkedtheEnglishexamc)ChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royce.SNPVPCPNVLACSNPVPDetNVNPNPNDetNChriswashappythathisfatherboughthimaRolls-Royced)Thechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwings.SNPVPCPDetNVPCSVPNPVPNVNPNThechildrenarguedoverwhetherbatshadwin

5、gs7.Eachofthefollowingsentencescontainsarelativeclause.Drawthedeepstructureandthesurfacestructuretreesforeachofthesentences.a)Theessaythathewrotewasexcellent.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSPNPInflVPNVNPNTheessayhewrotethatwasexcellentSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVAPCSPNPNPInflVPNNPstVNPNTheessayth

6、athewroteewasexcellentc)Herbertboughtahousethatsheloved.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNCSNPInflVPNPNVNHerbertboughtahouseshelovedthatSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPNInflVNPCPDetNSCNPInflVPNPNPNVNNHerbertboughtahouse(that)sheloveded)Thegirlwhomheadoresmajorsinlinguistics.DeepstructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPN

7、PCInflSNNPVPNVPNPVNThegirlheadoreswhommajorsinlinguisticsSurfaceStructureCPCSNPVPDetNCPVPPPNPCSNNPNPInflVPNNVPNPVNThegirlwhomheadoresemajorsinlinguistics8.Thederivationsofthefollowingsentencesinvolvet