资源描述:
《专业英语【土木工程(路桥方向)】.doc》由会员上传分享,免费在线阅读,更多相关内容在行业资料-天天文库。
1、.专业英语EnglisharticleinCivilEngineering(土木工程专业英语课文)Lesson1CareersinCivilEngineeringEngineeringisaprofession,whichmeansthatanengineermusthaveaspecializeduniversityeducation.Manygovernmentjurisdictionsalsohavelicensingprocedureswhichrequireengineeringgraduatestopassanexamination,
2、similartothebarexaminationforalawyer,beforetheycanactivelystartontheircareers.specialized专门的,专科的jurisdiction管辖权,权限license许可(证),执照bar律师业土木工程是一个意味着工程师必须要经过专门的大学教育的职业。许多政府管辖部门还有(一套)认证程序,这一程序要求工科毕业生在他们能积极地开始(从事)他们的事业之前,通过(认证)考试,这种考试类似于律师职业里的律师考试一样。Intheuniversity,mathematics,phys
3、ics,andchemistryareheavilyemphasizedthroughouttheengineeringcurriculum,butparticularlyinthefirsttwoorthreeyears.Mathematicsisveryimportantinallbranchesofengineering,soitisgreatlystressed.Today,mathematicsincludescoursesinstatistics,whichdealswithgathering,classifying,andusing
4、numericaldata,orpiecesofinformation.mathematicsn.数学curriculumn.课程branchn.(学科)分科stress强调coursesn.课程,路线statisticsn.统计学,统计dealwith涉及,处理Animportantaspectofstatisticalmathematicsisprobability,whichdealswithwhatmayhappenwhentherearedifferentfactors,orvariables,thatcanchangetheresul
5、tsofaproblem.Beforetheconstructionofabridgeisundertaken,forexample,astatisticalstudyismadeoftheamountoftraffic(which)thebridgewillbeexpectedtohandle.Inthedesignofthebridge,variablessuchaswaterpressureonthefoundation,impact,theeffectsofdifferentwindforces,andmanyotherfactorsmu
6、stbeconsideredhandleundertakevt.承担amountoftrafficn.交通量impact碰撞,冲击Variable变量大学里,工科课程中着重强调数学、物理,和化学,尤其在开始的二到三年。在工科所有分支中,数学非常重要,因此它被着重地强调。今天,数学包括统计学中的课程主要涉及集合,分类,和使用数字数据,或信息。统计数学的一个重要方面是概率,它涉及当有改变问题的结果的不同的因素,或变量时,可能会发生什么。例如,在承担桥梁的建设之前,运用统计研究来预计未来桥梁期望承受的交通量.在桥梁的设计中,(各种)变量如作用在基础上的
7、水压,碰撞,不同的风力的作用,以及许多其它因素必须考虑。Becauseagreatdealofcalculationisinvolvedinsolvingtheseproblems,computerprogrammingisnowincludedinalmostallengineeringcurricula.Computers,ofcourse,cansolvemanyproblemsinvolvingcalculationswithgreaterspeedandaccuracythanahumanbeingcan.Butcomputerareu
8、selessunlesstheyaregivenclearandaccurateinstructionsandinformation-i