托福阅读长难句[答案].doc

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1、Whichofthefollowingbestexpressestheessentialinformationinthehighlightedsentence?Incorrectanswerchoiceschangethemeaninginimportantwaysorleaveoutessentialinformation.1.Sincethelawsofphysics,notsomearbitrarydecision,havedeterminedthegeneralformofapplied-artobjects,theyfollowbasicpat

2、terns,somuchsothatfunctionalformscanvaryonlywithincertainlimits.○Functionalapplied-artobjectscannotvarymuchfromthebasicpatternsdeterminedbythelawsofphysics.○Thefunctionofapplied-artobjectsisdeterminedbybasicpatternsinthelawsofphysics.○Sincefunctionalapplied-artobjectsvaryonlywith

3、incertainlimits,arbitrarydecisionscannothavedeterminedtheirgeneralform.○Thegeneralformofapplied-artobjectsislimitedbysomearbitrarydecisionthatisnotdeterminedbythelawsofphysics.2.Thestructureofthebackboneshows,however,thatAmbulocetusswamlikemodernwhales[bymovingtherearportionofits

4、bodyupanddown],eventhoughaflukewasmissing.○EventhoughAmbulocetusswambymovingitsbodyupanddown,itdidnothaveabackbone.○ThebackboneofAmbulocetus,whichallowedittoswim,providesevidenceofitsmissingfluke.○AlthoughAmbulocetushadnofluke,itsbackbonestructureshowsthatitswamlikemodernwhales.○

5、Bymovingtherearpartsoftheirbodiesupanddown,modernwhalesswiminadifferentwayfromthewayAmbulocetusswam.3.Theextremeseriousnessofdesertificationresultsfromthevastareasoflandandthetremendousnumbersofpeopleaffected,aswellasfromthegreatdifficulty34ofreversingorevenslowingtheprocess.○Des

6、ertificationisasignificantproblembecauseitissohardtoreverseandaffectslargeareasoflandandgreatnumbersofpeople.○Slowingdowntheprocessofdesertificationisdifficultbecauseofpopulationgrowththathasspreadoverlargeareasofland.○Thespreadofdesertsisconsideredaveryseriousproblemthatcanbesol

7、vedonlyiflargenumbersofpeopleinvariouscountriesareinvolvedintheeffort.○Desertificationisextremelyhardtoreverseunlessthepopulationisreducedinthevastareasaffected.1.Herefusedtodevelopprojectiontechnology,reasoningthatifhemadeandsoldprojectors,thenexhibitorswouldpurchaseonlyonemachi

8、ne-aprojector-fromhiminsteadofseveral.○E